Cnicus. | LXXVII. COMPOSITÆ. (J. D. Hooker.) 363. 
linear acuminate, corolla 3 in. white. Clarke Comp. Ind. 218, excl. var. 8. C. 
verutus, Don Prodr. 167? Carduus argyracanthus, Wall. Cat. 2903. 
Temperate HiMALAYA, alt. 6-9000 ft., from Murree to Bhotan (excl. Sikkim). 
A more slender plant than C. involucratus, with the leaves always glabrous above, 
and much more numerous smaller and densely fascicled heads. Achenes } in. long; 
pappus 2 in., nearly white. 
4. C. Falconeri, Hook. f.; tall, very robust, stem villous, leaves mem- 
branous setose and spinescent above appressed cottony beneath teeth and lobes 
spinescent, cauline large broad ovate or ovate-lanceolate sinuate-lobed or sub- 
pinnatifid, head 23-3 in. diam. subsolitary globose drooping densely woolly, 
invol. bracts very many lanceolate all ending in a long slender flexuous spine, 
corolla lin. C. horridus, Clarke Comp. Ind. 220, not of Bieb. 
WrsrERN HIMALAYA ; from Kashmir, Falconer, to Kunawar, Jacquemont. 
A very fine species, of which I have seen no radical leaves. The heads resemble 
those of C. Ariophorus, but the weak spines of the invol. bracts at once distinguish it. 
5. C. eriophoroides, Hook. f.; tall, stout, stem sparsely villous or 
cottony, leaves membranous glabrous cobwebby or setulose above cottony or 
wem beneath, lobes and teeth spinescent, radical petioled pinnatifid lobes 
road lobulate, cauline large broad ovate or ovate-lanceolate sinuate-lobed, 
heads 2-5 in. diam. solitary or clustered densely woolly, invol. bracts lanceolate: 
ending in soft long spines inner numerous linear acuminate, corolla 24 in. O. 
Eriophorus, Herb. Ind. Or. H. f. $ T.; Clarke Comp. Ind. 217. 
Sixxmm Himaraya ; alt. 10-14,000 ft., J. D. H. 
Very similar to C. Falconeri, but the heads are less globose, the invol. bracts 
fewer and many of the inner are soft linear and not spinescent, the corollas are 
longer. Achenes and pappus as in C. involucratus. 
6. C. Griffithii, Hook. f.; robust, stem cottony, cauline leaves sessile or 
base auricled pinnatifid, lobes lanceolate acute spinescent setulose above white 
appressed-tomentose beneath, heads 2 in. diam. crowded glabrous, outermost 
invol. bracts short with acicular points, the rest linear wavy aristate or acumi- 
nate, corolla 1} in. long. 
UrrzR Assam ; Mishmi hills, Griffith. 
This differs from all the previous described species in the long soft invol. bracts, 
whieh are extremely numerous, quite glabrous, none really spinescent, the points of 
the outermost being merely needle-like. The pappus is longer, fully 1 in. long. 
The achenes are as in C. involucratus. 
** Inner invol. bracts with dilated tips. 
7. C. Wallichii, DC. Prodr. vi. 643 (Cirsium); stem pubescent leafy, 
leaves sessile sinuate-pinnatifid lobes spinescent lobulate spines very long and 
strong glabrous above and beneath or cottony or tomentose beneath, heads 2-14 
in. solitary and on naked peduncles or sessile fascicled and involucrate, outer 
invol. bracts lanceolate ending in appressed erect or recurved spines, inner with 
spreading or recurved more or less dilated, lanceolate or ovate spreading or 
recurved scarious serrulate acute or spinescent tips, corolla à in. long. C. 
carlinoides, Cass. var. B, Herb. Ind. Or. H. f. & T. 
TEMPERATE HIMALAYA ; from Marri to Bhotan, alt. 6—12,000 ft. NILGHERRY 
Mers., alt. 6000 ft. 
An extremely variable plant, 4—10 ft. high, with spreading branches, which passes 
into C. argyracanthus through var. Wightiana in the Eastern Himalayas and the 
Nilgherries. The following varieties pass into one another in the most perplexing 
way. Corolla white, yellow or red (according to Clarke). 
