Pterotheca.] LXXVIII. composir#. (J. D. Hooker.) 399 
winged on the inner face; pappus short, hairs very slender, simple, white, sub- 
connate, deciduous or persistent, —DIsTRIB. Species 4 or 5, Mediterranean and 
W. Asiatic. 
1. P. Falconeri, Hook. f. ; hispid or glandular above or glabrate, radical 
leaves subsessile obovate or elongate-spathulate sinuate-toothed or pinnatifid, 
flowering stems leafless subeorymbosely branched above, heads 3 in. long broadly 
cylindrie hispid or glabrate, outer invol. bracts very small ovate, inner 8-10 
linear acute midrib thickened in fruit, achenes very slender straight all terete 
narrowed above 8-10-ribbed, outer scaberulous, inner smooth longer than the 
very soft white pappus. P. bifida, Clarke Comp. Ind., 256, not of F. & M.. 
Western HIMALAYA; from Kashmir, alt. 3-9000 ft. to Kunawur, Falconer, &c. 
—Disrris. Affghanistan. 
Annual. Radical leaves 2-8 in., very variable, Flowering stem 6-18 in., slender 
or stout, corymbosely or paniculately branched above, with minute bracts at the forks 
or 0; branches spreading, usually with hispid gland-tipped hairs; peduncles naked; 
recept. hairs very slender, flexuous. Achenes } in., outer sometimes imperfect white 
and flattened, perfect terete many-ribbed red-brown; pappus 45 in., hairs all rather 
persistent.—I advance this species with much hesitation, for though differing in the 
achenes being all terete and uniformly ribbed from P. bifida, I find so much variety in 
the outer achenes of that plant that I suspect this may prove to bea form of it. 
Clarke refers De Candolle's Barkhausia porrifolia and Roylei to this, but besides the 
achenes being in no sense beaked, B. porrifolia is founded by Don on a plant of Wal- 
lich’s from Nipal (where P. Faleoneri does not occur) which is quite glabrous and 
glaucous; and with regard to P. Roylet the description is not sufficient to identify it; 
D. Falconeri does not occur in Royle's Herbarium. The genus should be merged in 
Crepis. 
lll, HIERA CIUM, Linn. 
Perennial, leafy, erect or scapigerous herbs, with simple and stellate hairs. 
Leaves entire or toothed, very rarely pinnatifid. Heads often with black glan- 
dular hairs, solitary and long-peduncled or narrowly panicled or corymbose, 
homogamous, yellow, rarely orange or red; fl. all ligulate. Involwcre tubular- 
campanulate or broad ; bracts narrow, herbaceous, inner subequal or not, outer 
usually smaller, unchanged after flowering ; receptacle flat, naked or shortly 
fimbrillate. Achenes oblong-cylindrie, 10-15 ribbed, terete or angled, base shortly 
contracted, top truncate; pappus copious, hairs 1-2-seriate, simple, rigid, fragile, 
persistent, usually dirty white or brown.—DrsrRi». Species about 150, chiefly 
Western European, a few Asiatie, N, American, Andean, and S. African. 
The Indian Hieracia have been referred by Mr. Baker to European species, and I 
have followed his identifications, but described them from the Indian examples. The 
species seem as variable and difficult to define in the East as in the West, and there 
are several forms from the Himalaya which do not appear referable to any of the 
following, but are too imperfect for description. The genus wants careful study in 
the Himalaya. 
l. H. vulgatum, Koch; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii, 871; hirsute or glabrate, 
radical leaves persistent petioled narrowed at both ends coarsely toothed, lower 
cauline petioled upper sessile, heads many, peduncles straight glandular, invol. 
cylindric in bud floccose and with gland-tipped hairs, bracts equal alternate sub- 
acute. .eicAb. Ic. Fl. Germ, xix. t. 1526. H. sylvaticum, Lamk. H. murorum, 
Clarke Comp. Ind. 256. 
Western HIMALAYA; from Kashmir to Garwhal, alt, 610,000 ft.—Distris. N. 
Asia, Europe, Arctic America. 
Stolons 0. Leaves 3-5 in., often spotted with black in Europe. Stem 1-2 ft., 
