Lactuca.] LXXVI. composirz. (J. D. Hooker.) 407 
CENTRAL and Eastern HriwarayA; Nipal, Wallich. Sikkim; alt. 6-12,000 ft., 
J. D. H., &e.—Distris. Java, Sumatra, 
Stem 2-6 ft., sometimes very stout at the base. Leaves 3-4 in., membranous, 
terminal lobe of the lower 2-4 by 2-24 in., base truncate hastate cordate or suddenly 
narrowed into the very slender petiole, not auricled; leaves of young specimens 
sometimes pinnatifid throughout.  Panicles often very large, 1-2 ft. long and almost 
as broad; inner invol. bracts with often spathulate tips, outer very short. Achenes 
1 in., brown, ribs often obscure; pappus } in., deciduous, outer very obscure.— The 
absence of this in the Khasia Mts. is remarkable, if, as I suppose, it is identical with 
the Malay Isld. plant. 
12. L. rapunculoides, Clarke Comp. Ind. 268; glabrous or sparsely 
setose above, erect, simple or paniculately branched above, leafy, lower leaves 
long-petioled hastate cordate or deltoid with margins incurved entire or variously 
toothed, upper middle with broadly winged petioles sagittately auricled at the 
base, uppermost subsessile often lanceolate, heads very narrow }-j in. 6-8-fld. 
drooping, outer invol. bracts very small, inner few very narrow with dilated 
tips, achenes very slender elongate-fusiform slightly compressed smooth striate 
narrowed into a brown beak. Mulgedium rapunculoides, DC. Prodr. vii. 249. 
Western HiMALAYA; alt. 9-12,000 ft., Kashmir and Lahul, Thomson, Clarke ; 
Kumaon, Strach. d Winterb. ; Nipal, Wallich. 
A smaller plant (2-3 ft.) than L. graciliflora, with longer and sometimes sparsely 
hispid heads of the same shape which have also like it often spathulate tips, but 
differing in the leaves, which are never pinnate or pinnatifid, but often hastate, with 
wide spreading lateral and a produced mid-lobe, and very different achenes, A in. long, 
very narrow, slightly compressed, with rounded sides and faces, all equally striated, 
ribs slender; pappus very caducous, dirty white, rather shorter than the achenes.— 
This has the achenes of a Prenanthes, but is too closely allied to L. graciliflora to be 
dissociated from it. 
13. L. decipiens, Clarke Comp. Ind. 266; glabrous, stem tall panicu- 
lately branched. above, lower leaves (rarely entire) runcinate-pinnatifid with a 
broad hastate terminal lobe coarsely toothed, cauline with long winged petioles 
dilated and auricled at the base, uppermost lanceolate, heads 4 in. long 6-8-fld. 
cylindric peduncled glabrous drooping, outer invol. bracts oblong-ovate obtuse 
half the length of the 5-6 linear-oblong inner which are glabrous or dorsally 
setose, achenes oblanceolate narrowed into a short dark beak smooth faces 
ribbed. Mulgedium decipiens, Herb. Ind. Or. H. f. $ T. 
Western HiMALAYA ; Kashmir and Dras, alt. 8-10,000 ft., Thomson, Clarke. 
Very similar to Z. rapunculoides, but the heads are larger, and the outer invol. 
bracts much longer, the lower leaves are not hastate nor the upper sagittately aurieled ; 
and the achenes are very different. Ligules blue. Achenes } to nearly $ in. long, com- 
pressed, rather suddenly contracted into the beak, which is 4 the length of the body, 
dorsal face with many equal ribs, ventral with a strong midrib and lateral fainter 
ones; pappus 4 in., dirty white. 
Van. multifida; stem 1-1} ft., leaves crowded at the base of the stem all pinna- 
tifid with narrow coarsely toothed and cut lobes, heads larger, achenes nearly j in. 
with rather longer beaks, the upper half of which is white.—Kashmir, Thomson, 
Clarke. 
14. L. hastata, DC. Prodr. vii. 139; glabrous pubescent or hispidly 
hairy above, tall, erect, often very robust, paniculately branched above, leaves 
large polymorphous usually pinnatifid or pinnate with a hastate deltoid or ovate 
coarsely toothed acuminate terminal lobe, pinnules or lobes few or many, petiole 
slender and simple or dilated at the base or winged lobulate and auricled, heads 
3 in. long subcampanulate 10-30-fld., peduncles — outer invol bracts 
oblong-ovate half as long as the 8-10 linear-oblong glabrous or setose inner, 
achenes obovate or elliptic flat, beak slender pale equalling the body. Clarke 
