416 LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) [ Lama, 
(with some hesitation, and against Mr. Clarke's opinion), because the achenes are not 
at all contracted at either end, and appear to me to differ from those of any Indian 
Crepis. The habit is very close to that of small forms of Crepis japonica, but the 
achenes are entirely different. 
tt Heads more or less racemose on the flowering stem or its branches. 
4. L. secunda, Clarke Comp. Ind. 27 (Microrhynchus), evel. syn.; gla- 
brous or sparsely hispid, radical leaves sessile runcinate- or lyrate-pinnatifid 
lobes rounded irregularly lobulate and sharply toothed, eauline O or very few, 
flowering stems subsolitary tall strict simple or sparingly forked, heads } in. 
long narrow in subsessile racemed subsecund clusters, invol. bracts with white 
membranous margins, outer small ovate inner linear midrib much thickened in 
fruit, achenes columnar angled and strongly ribbed as long as the very soft 
white pappus. Chondrilla secunda, Royle mss, 
Western Hrwaraya; from Hazara to Kumaon, alt. 4-8000 ft., Royle, Ee, 
Annual? Radical leaves 4-8 by 1-2 in. obovate or elongate-obovate, with many 
lobes, coriaceous. Flowering stems 1-3 ft., terete, strict; branches erect, racemose, 1 
foot and under, quite erect. Jnvol. bracts with searious white edges, hard and con- 
nivent in fruit with soft green tips overtopping the pappus, midrib much thickened. 
Achenes X in, pale, smooth, many ribbed, slightly thicker in the middle; pappus 
excessively soft, with a few rigid rather longer hairs. 
5. L. nudicaulis, Less. Synops. 139 (Microrhynchus) ; glabrous, leaves 
sinuate-lobed pinnatifid or runcinate lobes irregularly lobulate and sharply 
toothed teeth often white and cartilaginous, flowering stems decumbent or 
spreading irregularly branched, heads 3-3 in. long narrow sessile solitary or 
clustered subracemose and terminal, invol. bracts with white membranous mar- 
gins, outer very short ovate, inner long linear midrib thickened in fruit, achenes 
columnar very thickly ribbed outer compressed, much shorter than the soft 
straight white pappus. Microrhynchus nudicaulis, Less. ; DC. Prodr. vii. 180. 
M. fallax, Jaub. & Spach Ill. Pl. Orient. t. 276. Zollikoferia nudicaulis, Boiss. 
Fil. Orient. iii. 824. Chondrilla nudicaulis, Linn. Mant. 973. Lactuca nudi- 
caulis, Murray. L. obtusa, Clarke Comp. Ind. 261. Prenanthes patens and 
P. dichotoma, Wall. Cat. 3258, 3275, F. P. obtusa, Ham. in Wall. Cat. 3276. 
P. procumbens, Roxb, PL. Ind. iii. 405. Brachyramphus obtusus, DC. Prodr. 
vii. 177; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 96. 
Plains of Inp1a; from Bengal and Behar to the Punjab, ascending the WESTERN 
liwALAYA to 8000 ft. in Kumaon. Gong and the Deccan.—Disrris, Affghanistan 
and westwards to the Atlantic. 
Root perennial? with yellow juice. Leaves 2-10 by 1-3 in., usually sessile, 
Flowering stems usually very numerous, 6-24 in. long, spreading on all sides, stout 
or slender, simple or branched. Heads sometimes 6-10 in a cluster; invol. bracts 
overtopping the pappus. Achenes A, in., very pale, polymorphous, inner sometimes as 
if composed of 4 thick ribs, outer slightly curved and flattened with a thiek ventral 
and several thick dorsal ribs, all smooth or obscurely uneven; pappus 4-4 in., very 
deciduous, hairs very straight soft and of nearly equal length. 
ttt Heads solitary or fascicled at the nodes of the flagelliform rooting flower- 
ing stem. 
6. L. pinnatifida, Cass. in Ann. Sc. Nat. xxiii. 85; glabrous, leaves 
runcinate-pinnatifid or sinuate-toothed or lobed, flowering stems procumbent 
long flagelliform rooting and leafing at the nodes, heads at the nodes solitary or 
clustered } in. long usually with bracteate peduncles, invol. bracts with white 
membranous margins, outer short, intermediate longer, inner linear midrib at 
the base hardening in fruit, achenes columnar very thickly ribbed much shorter 
than the soft straight white pappus. Microrhynchus sarmentosus, DC. Prodr. 
