Launea.] | xxv. composira, (J. D. Hooker.) 417 
vii. 181; Wight, Ill. t. 153; Clarke Comp. Ind. 277. Prenanthes sarmentosa, 
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 1540; Wall. Cat. 3262, A. D. C. Lactuca sarmentosa, DC. 
in Wight Contrib, 27. 
Sandy coasts of Inpra ; from Bengal to Ceylon, Penang, Madras and Malabar.— 
Disrriw. Mauritius, Egypt, E. African coast. j 
Leaves 1-3 in., rarely more, teeth rarely white and cirtilaginous (as in. L. nudi- 
caulis). Flowering stems slender, 1-3 ft. long, arching from node to node. Znvol. 
bracts almost 3-seriate, as in L. nudicaulis. Achenes ze in, pale, thick with few very 
thick rounded ribs, usually obtusely 4-gonous; pappus 1 in., deciduous, hairs very 
slender, white and of nearly equal length. 
** Achenes winged; invol. bracts 3-seriate, outer very broad, all with 
broad membranous margins. (LOMATOLEPIS, Cass.) 
7. Le glomerata, Cassin? in Dict. Sc. Nat. xlviii. 422 (Lomatolepis) ; 
glabrous, leaves sessile sinuate-lobed pinnatifid or runcinate, lobes usually Short 
rounded toothed, teeth cartilaginous white, flowering - branches spreading 
sparingly dichotomously branched, heads 1-3 in. campanulate clustered at the 
ends of the branches, invol. braets with very broad membranous margins outer 
large broadly ovate, inner oblong, base hardened in fruit, achenes corky thickly 
ribbed outer 2-winged inner columnar shorter than the soft straight white 
pappus. Lomatolepis glomerata, Cass.; DC. Prodr. vii, 180. Microrhynchus 
glomeratus, Jaub. & Spach Ill. Pl. Orient. ii. t. 275. Zollikoferia glomerata, 
Boiss, Fl. Orient. iii. 826. Sonchus capitatus, Spr. Syst. Voy. iii. 650. 
The Punsas; Stewart, Scixpg ; Stocks.—Distrin. Persia, Arabia, Egypt, Algiers. 
Perennial? Leaves 3-5 by 1-1} in. lobes or pinnules numerous, close set. 
Flowering branches stout, strict, usually not exceeding the leaves, naked. Heads 
broader than in other Indian species, with broader 3-seriate more obtuse inyol. bracts, 
and more numerous flowers ; peduncles short, bracteolate. Achenes ẹ in., pale yellow; 
outer slightly curved, linear-oblong, emarginate at both ends, wings each as broad 
or broader than the nucleus, which is ventrally and dorsally 5-6-ribbed, wings and 
ribs minutely crenulate ;-inner achenes often narrower and imperfect ` pappus } in. 
long, deciduous, hairs subequal with no inner stronger ones, 
119. TRAGOPOGON, Linn. 
Biennial or perennial milky-juieed herbs. eaves alternate, stem-clasping, 
narrow, quite entire. Meads terminal; long-peduncled, large, homogamous, 
yellow blue or purple; fl. all ligulate. Jnvoluere cylindric or narrowly cam- 
panulate ; bracts l-seriate longer or shorter than the flowers, herbaceous, acu- 
minate, bases sometimes connate, outer 0; receptacle flat or convex, pitted, 
margins of the pits often cartilaginous. -Achenes slender, terete, 5-angled, 
5-10-ribbed, ribs smooth or muricate, basal areole broad concave, inner usually 
with a slender beak; pappus hairs numerous, l-seriate, feathery, connate into a 
basal ring, 5-10 longer than the rest with simple (not feathery) tips, those of 
the outer achenes often fewer, subpaleaceous, free at the base, simple or feathery 
below.—DIstRIB. Species about 20, Europe, N. Africa, temp. and subtrop. 
Asia. 
1. T. gracile, Don in Mem. Wera. Soc. iii, 407 ; Prodr. 162; quite 
glabrous, leaves very narrow linear keeled flexuous, radical often equalling the 
scape, invol. bracts 5-8 shorter than the yellow ligules, achenes j in. smooth 
beak not conspicuous. T. junceum, Wall. Cat. 3257; DC. Prodr. vii. 115; 
Clarke Comp. Ind. 278.. , 
CENTRAL and WzsrEg:N HIMALAYA; from Hizara to Nipal, alt. 6 10,090 ft, as- 
cending to 13,000 ft. in Piti and Kunawur, 
VOL, III. EE 
