Codonopsis. | LXXX. CAMPANULACEX. (C. B. Clarke.) 431 
veined, 5- rarely 4-6-merous. Calyx superior; lobes 5, long, foliaceous. Corolla 
campanulate, shortly 5-lobed. Stamens 5, free, inserted on the margin of an 
epigynous disc; filaments somewhat dilated at the base; anthers oblong, free. 
Ovary at first inferior, turbinate, with a short conic superior vertex, 3-celled ; 
style cylindric, stigma of 3 ovate or oblong lobes. Capsule somewhat fleshy, 
ultimately dry ; beak elongated in fruit, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds very many, 
small, ellipsoid, slightly compressed, smooth, brown..—Species 12, in the Hima- 
laya, Yunan, Mantschuria, and Japan. 
In the Genera Plantarum the ovary and stigma-lobes are described as sometimes 
5-4, of which no instances have been found in the Indian species, 
1. C. viridis, Wall. Cat. 1298, and in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey $ Wall. 
ii. 103; stem twining, leaves elliptic-oblong from a rhomboidal or truncate base 
densely pilose beneath, peduncles axillary minutely puberous, calyx-teeth distant 
linear, corolla in bud densely pilose. 47. f. & T. in Journ. Iann. Soc. ii. 12. 
Wahlenbergia viridis, 4. DC. Prodr. vii. 424, Campanula viridis, Spreng. Cura 
post, 78. 
Nat, and Kumaon, alt. 7000 ft., Wallich, &e. 
Leaves 2-3 by 3-13 in., opposite and alternate, base obtuse or slightly rounded but 
not cordate, subentire, minutely pilose above, at least when young; petiole 4 in. 
Peduncles 2 in. Calya-teeth 4—3 by A in., not (or very obscurely) widened upwards, 
pilose on both surfaces. Corolla 1 by $ in., lurid yellow. Capsule hemispheric, 3-2 
in. broad; beak } in. long. Testa with very small and obscure reticulations, even 
ag the microscope, so that the seed does not “ glisten” under an ordinary pocket- 
ens. 
2. C. Griffithii, Clarke; stem twining, leaves elliptic-oblong from a 
rhomboidal or truncate base densely pilose beneath, calyx-teeth distant linear 
broader upwards, peduncles axillary patently pubescent, corolla in bud glaucous, 
Codonopsis sp. 3, Griff. Notul. iv. 281, Ic. Pl. Asiat. t. 482. 
Kuasa Mrs., alt. 4-5000 ft., Griffith, &c. 
Altogether resembling C. viridis, under which it is included by H. f. & T., and of 
which it may be a geographic variety. The leaves are more hairy, the petioles have 
crisped or patent hairs, while the young corolla without is glabrous or with a few long 
white hairs near the top; the testa is much more coarsely and prominently reticulate, 
so that the seeds glisten under a pocket-lens, 
3. C. affinis, H. f. $ T. in Journ. Linn. Soc. ii. 12; stem twining, leaves 
ovate-oblong from a deeply cordate base villous beneath, peduncles axillary and 
terminal, calyx-teeth distant narrowly oblong. 
Srxxim Hmraraya, alt. 11,000 ft., J. D. H., Clarke. 
Leaves 2-4 by 1-2} in., opposite and alternate, subentire, sparsely pilose above, at- 
least when young; petiole 1-2 in. —Peduncles 1—5 in., often dichotomous with a bracti- 
form leaf, so that the inflorescence appears of few-flowered racemes. Calyx-teeth 4 by 
i in., narrower upwards, pilose on both surfaces. Corolla 3 in. long and broad, green 
with purple marks. Capsule hemispheric, j in. broad; beak j in, long. Seeds not 
glistening under the lens, i.e. the reticulations of the testa are very small, not pro- 
minent. 
Var. birmanica; leaves sparsely pilose beneath, calyx-lobes elliptic-acute—Birma, 
Griffith (Kew Distrib. n. 3439).— An imperfect fruiting example, referred by H. f. & 
T. doubtfully to C. affinis, which the calyx-lobes hardly admit. It is probably a new 
species. 
4. C. purpurea, Wall. Cat. 1299, and in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey & Wall. 
ii 105; glabrous, stem diffuse, leaves opposite elliptic-oblong subentire base 
rhomboid or truncate, peduncles axillary and terminal, calyx-teeth approximate 
