Carissa.] XCIV. APOOYNAOEX. (J. D. Hooker.) 631 
branches; axils and nodes with 2 simple or forked thorns, sometimes 1-2 in. long. 
Leaves subsessile, 11-3 by 1-14 in., rather thinly coriaceous, base rounded or retuse, 
tip rarely mucronate. Cymes terminal, peduncle stout, 1-1 in.; bracts minute; 
flowers crowded, white or pale rose-coloured, odorous. Calyx-segments subulate-lan- 
ceolate, acute, puberulous and ciliate. Corolla-tube € in., glabrous or puberulous with 
swollen throat and lobes pubescent, lobes lanceolate, acute, about half as long as the 
tube. Ovary-cells 4-ovuled, Drupe 4-1 in. long, ellipsoid, red then black, polished, 
4- or more-seeded, 
Van. congesta, Beddome Fl. Sylv. Anal. Gen. 156 ; ovarian cells 2-ovuled. Kurz 
in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, ii. 250. C. congesta, Wight Ic. t. 1289.—Mt. Aboo, Stocks ; 
Kurg, the Wynaad and Birma. 
2, C. spinarum, 4. DC. Prodr. viii. 332 ; suberect, shrubby, glabrous 
or branches cymes and leaves beneath finely puberulous, leaves 3-13 in. elliptic 
ovate or rounded acute mucronate or apiculate rarely obtuse many or few- 
nerved shining above, corolla + in. long, ovary 4-ovuled, berry 4 in. subglobose. 
C. diffusa, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 689, and ed. Wall. & Carey, ii. 524; A. DC. l c.; 
Wight Ic. t. 427 ; Wall. Cat. 1678, partly; Brand. For. Fl. 921 ; Kurz For. Fl. 
ii. 169; Beddome FI. Sylv. t. 157. 
Drier parts of Ixp1A; from the Punjab Himalaya, which it ascends to 6000 ft. 
in Murree, to Ceylon and Birma. 
Probably a state of C. Carandas as suggested by Brandis, than which it is a 
smaller plant with shorter and more slender spines, more acute leaves and a smaller 
berry. 
Van. hirsuta; more pubescent. C. hirsuta, Roth Nov. Sp. 128; A. DC. Prodr. 
viii. 333; Kurz For. Fl. ii. 169; Dalz. d Gibs. Bomb, Fl. 143. C. villosa, Roxb. Fl. 
Ind. ed, Carey d Wall. ii. 525; Grah. Cat. Bomb. Pl. 116. Wight Ie. t. 437. Not 
uncommon. p^ 
3. C. paucinervia, 4. DC. Prodr. viii. 333; suberect, shrubby, gla- | 
brous except the puberulous petioles and cymes, leaves 1-1} in., elliptic-oblong 
or -lanceolate acute at both ends very coriaceous not shining, nerves 2-3 pairs 
very oblique, corolla 3-3 in., berry j in. ellipsoid. Wight Ic. t. 1290. C. 
diffusa, Wall. Cat. 1678, tn part. C. Carandas, var. paucinervia, Beddome Fl. 
Sylv. Anal. Gen. 156; Kurz in Journ, As, Soc. 1877, ii. 250. 
Lower Brencat; Monghir, Hamilton in Herb. Wall. Nitcuerry Mrs. ; at the 
Kaitia Falls, Wight, Se ? O. salicina, Lamk.; A. DC. l. c. 
A small ramous shrub, with the habit of C. diffusa, and probably, as Beddome 
conjectures, a variety of that species, but very distinet in appearance, more densely 
leafy, the leaves less shining than in its congeners and yellower when dry. Peduncles 
very short, 3-5-fld. Corolla-lobes very narrow.—I suspect a mistake as to the 
Monghir locality and that Wallich’s specimens are mislabelled. 
** Spines decurved, 
4. C. macrophylla, Wall. Cat. 1679; shrubby, erect; quite glabrous 
except the puberulous cymes, leaves 2-4 in. ovate or elliptic-ovate acute or 
acuminate many-nerved, cymes sessile, corolla 1 in., berry $-1 in. ellipsoid. 
A, DC. Prodr. viii. 882. C. inermis, Vahl Symb. iii. 43; A. DC. 1.6. 298 C. 
lanceolata, Dalz. in Dalz. § Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 143. ©. Dalzellii, Beddome For. 
Fi, Anal. Gen. 157. C. mitis, Heyne mss. 
Deccan PxaNINSULA; Kurg, Heyne; the Conean, at Ramghat, Dalzell; Courtallum, 
Roth, Wight. 
A large shrub, thorns very strong, curved, 1-14 in., and branches dark brown. 
Leaves shortly petioled, drying dark brown. Flowers as in C. Carandas, but lobes of 
corolla longer and narrower. Ca/yx-lobes longer and more slender, almost filiform in 
the Courtallum specimens, which have smaller leaves.—I cannot doubt this being 
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