now only about twenty-five feet high. From what has 
been said above it would appear to be necessary, if seed 
for propagation is to be obtained from cultivated trees, to 
expose the ripe cones for a short time to considerable heat. 
Description.—T ree, usually 20-25 ft. high, with a trunk 1 ft. in diameter, 
occasionally reaching 80-100 ft. in height and with a trunk twice as thick ; 
branches somewhat spreading to form a broadly pyramidal crown which 
becomes thinner and flatter with age; bark~at first smooth and brown, with 
age blackish and peeling in broad flakes. Wéinter-buds cylindric, 3-1 in. long, 
? in. across, chestnut-brown or purplish, ‘resinous; bud-scales with the 
exception of the lowest closely appressed, lanceolate, subulate-tipped, rather 
deeply and freely fimbriate. Leaves in clusters of threes, encircled at the base 
by hyaline-scarious sheathing scales which are at first brownish but ultimately 
tawny or grey; individual leaves acicular, almost pungent, 3-7 in. long, ; in. 
wide, with very finely serrulate edges, rigid, pale or dull green, convex on the 
back, furrowed when dry between the midrib and margins along the face. 
Male cones cylindric, about 2;in. long, + in. wide, chestnut-brown. Female 
cones aggregated in clusters of 2-4, in flower ovoid- or ellipsoid-globose, 1-2 in. 
long. Carpels rounded-ovate, even in flower much shorter than the ovuliferous 
scales, which are wide ovate, thickened upwards and abruptly spinulose at the 
tip. Cones when ripe deflexed and often closely appressed to the branches, in 
outline obliquely elongate-ovate or ovate-oblong, 3-6 in. long, 1-2} in. thick, 
chestnut brown; ripe scales spathulate-cuneate, very close-set, woody, the 
central on the outer face of the cone 13-2 in. long, } in. wide near the top, those 
on the inner face of the cone much smaller; hypophysis rhombic with a fine 
transverse keel; umbo shortly incurved, spinescent from a broad base. Seeds 
obovoid, } in. long, blackish, broadly winged ; wing oblique at the apex, 3-1 in. 
long, 3-3 in. wide, white or brownish, marked with thicker and finer reddish 
es. 
Tas. 8717.—Fig. 1, portion of a leaf; 2, young male inflorescence; 8, young 
male cone; 4, male flower; 5, portion of tardily dehiscent female cone; 6 and 7, 
seed :—all enlarged, except 2 and 6, which are of natural size. 
