only, were obtained by Mr. J. E. Winterbottom in the 
same province in 1847. In 1848 it was gathered for the 
first time in Kamaon, in flower, by (Captain afterwards 
General Sir) R. Strachey; and in 1849 it was met with 
also in Kamaon by Colonel E. Madden in flower in 
May and June, in fruit during September and October. 
Since then it has been met with in Kashmir by Dr. J. E. 
T. Aitchison, and in both provinces by Mr. J. F. Duthie 
who gathered it, in flower, in Kamaon in 1886, and, in 
fruit, in Kashmir in 1892. For the introduction of the 
species to this country, horticulture is indebted to Colonel 
Madden, by whom seeds were sent to Glasnevin in 1849. 
The plant raised there by Mr. D. Moore throve well and 
grew to a great size, but did not flower until 1855. 
Plants raised from seed subsequently introduced flowered 
in 1889 in the garden of Sir J. D. Hooker at the Camp, 
Sunningdale, and in 1892, under the care of Mr. F. 
Burbidge, in that of Trinity College, Dublin. At Kew 
and at Cambridge, on the other hand, where plants were 
grown for many years, M. polyandra never produced 
flowers. The same was the case with two other plants, 
received from Kew, which grew for many years in the 
garden of the late Canon Ellacombe, at Bitton. In 
1908 the Bitton plants were transferred to the garden of 
Mr. G. H. Wollaston, Flaxley Cottage, Flax Bourton, 
where at last one of them flowered in 1916. The material 
for our illustration was kindly supplied by Mr. Wollaston 
from this plant, which has thriven quite well in a 
herbaceous border in ordinary soil and with no special 
treatment. After flowering the plant died down, but 
recovered itself in the following spring. The nearest 
ally of M. polyandra is M. bifida. But while the two 
share the peculiarity of possessing more than six stamens 
they are readily distinguished by their leaves, the 
segments of which are toothed in M. polyandra, quite 
entire in M. bifida; and by their fruits, usually unequally 
lobed and never deeply divided in WM. polyandra, almost 
always equally lobed and always very deeply divided in 
M. byida. They share further the peculiarity of shy and 
erratic flowering; in the case of J/. bifida, indeed, which 
has long been in cultivation at Kew, there is no record 
as yet of its having flowered in this country. In the 
