Mortola. It may therefore be accepted as an authentic 
example of A. Haynaldii, though it is found on comparing 
the La Mortola plant with the description and figure 
supplied by Todaro that there is some degree of variability 
in the size, disposition and direction of the lateral spines 
and in the dimensions and arrangement of the flowers. 
The horny leaf-border is less continuous and is generally 
interrupted in the middle in the La Mortola example; its 
flowers, too, are somewhat smaller and are generally disposed 
in twos or threes, less often in fours; there are never, as in 
the original Palermo plant, as many as eight in one cluster. 
The species to which A. Haynaldii bears the greatest 
resemblance is that described in 1900 as A. expatriata by 
Dr. Rose ; a comparison of the figures and descriptions of the 
two plants shows that they are very, perhaps too closely 
related. A member of the ‘ Marginatae’ group of Littaeas, 
easily recognised by the horny border of the leaves and 
by the short perianth-tube with lobes which embrace the 
stamens as soon as the anthers are ripe, A. Haynaldii is 
readily distinguished from the others by its larger size. 
The La Mortola example here figured showed signs of 
flowering towards the end of September 1910, the spike 
pushing with considerable rapidity and the first flowers 
opening in November; the apical flowers opened in 
February 1911. 
Description.—Shrub, stemless; rosette with about 80 
leaves, some 6 ft. wide, 4 ft. high. Leaves erecto-patent or 
slightly incurved, 34-34 ft. long, 2 in. thick and very 
biconvex at the base, narrowed and flat towards the middle 
and somewhat channelled below the point, lanceolate- 
ensiform, about 33-44 in. wide above the middle, thence 
tapering gradually into a long point with a wide-channelled, 
nearly 3-quetrous, brown end-spine, about 1 in. long, 
constricted towards the base into a long neck, 21 in. wide, 
convex underneath but gradually thinner towards the point, 
coriaceous, dark glossy green, without darker lines on the 
back and only in young plants with a pale band on the 
upper surface; the margin with a spiny horny border, 
usually interrupted about the middle of the leaf, when young 
chestnut brown, soon becoming ash-grey, slightly repand 
between the spines, the lowest small and close, those of the 
