this has been done, is commonly called root Sandal, and is 
of superior quality. In smoothing the billets, chips of the 
Sandal are of course cut off ; so are also fragments in squar- 
ing their ends. These chips and fragments, with the 
smaller assortment of billets, answer best for the Arabian 
market ; and from them the essential oil is distilled. The 
larger billets are sent to China ; and the middle-sized ones 
are used in India. The Sandal, when thus prepared and 
sorted, for at least three or four months before it is sold, 
ought to be shut up from the sun and wind in close ware- 
houses ; but the longer it is kept, with such precautions, the 
better ; its weight diminishing more than its smell. Pre- 
pared in this way, it rarely either splits or warps; both of 
which accidents render it unfit for many of the purposes to 
which it is applied. 
Before the year 1797, Sandal-wood was sorted into three 
sizes. Of the first size, thirty-five pieces made a Candy of 
560ibs.: of the second size, forty-five pieces, and of the 
third size, fifty-five pieces. Since the year 1797, the sizes. 
have been sedaded. The first sort now contains sixty-five, 
the second sort seventy-two, and the third sort ninety pieces. 
All pieces smaller than these, all rank and knotty pieces, 
whatever may be their size, together with cuttings, roots, 
and the like, are called Carippu, and form a fourth sort. 
The chips which are removed in polishing the logs form a 
fifth assortment. The first three sorts only are exported to 
China, the Carippu to Bengal and Muscat, but to the former 
in the greatest quantity. The chips are sent to Bombay, 
Cutch, and Muscat. oa" : 
The Sandal-wood of the Sandwich Islands, of which I 
possess specimens gathered by Mr. Menzies, and by Mr. 
Macrae, is a very different species, and is Santatum Frey- 
cinetianum of GaupicHAND, and is almost the only article 
of commerce that those islands produce ; by means of it, 
a very lucrative trade has been carried on with China. 
Five new species of this Genus are also given by Mr. Brown 
as natives of New Holland, mostly of the tropical parts. 
The wood of a species of Prerocarpus, the P. santalinus, 
isalso known in commerce by the name of Red Sandal-wood, 
having been sent to Linnzus, says Sir J. E. Smiru, from the 
East Indies as a kind of Sanratum rubrum, or red Sanders-_ 
wood, and ascertained to be such by K6nie : it is described 
as a hard and heavy wood, of a deep red colour, with black 
veins, and as taking a fine polish. Santaline of M. Prt- 
LeTIER, is the colouring principle extracted from this wood. 
a 
