350 BOTANY OF THE VOYAGE OP H.M.S. HEEALD. 
and Physical Board at the Court. On his return to Lisbon (having by the way remained 
about tlu-ee years at Canton) he pubUshed in 1790 his 'Flora Cochinchinensis/ which also 
contains a great number of plants collected by him in Southern China. This work was re- 
printed three years after at Berlin, by Willdenow, with notes and observations of his own ; 
and, althongh the determinations are often inaccurate, and the diagnoses insufficient, it is 
still considered valuable. At the same period Lord ^'lacartney's Embassy sailed for China, 
accompanied by two collectors, the fruits of whose labours are still preserved in the Banksian 
Herbarium at the British Museum. We may notice, by the way, the Russian voyage of cir- 
cumnavigation, under the command of Captain Krusenstern (1803-6), who was accompanied 
by the botanists Langsdorff and Tilcsius : the latter author has done much towards advan- 
cing our knowledge of the Algm of the Chinese Seas. The expedition rentained some months 
at Macao. Langsdorff, in conjunction with Professor Pischer, commenced publishing, in 
1810, at Tiibingon, the Botany of tlie voyage, but we believe one fasciculus containing Perns 
is all that ever ai)pcared. Dr. Clarke Abel accompanied as naturalist Lord Amherst's un- 
fortunate Embassy to the Court of Peking, in 1816, and made extensive and valuable collec- 
tions; but, with the exception of a few specimens sent home by another ship, the whole 
perished at the wreck of the ' Alcestc,' in the Straits of Caspar. A few years later (1820- 
23), the Horticultural Society of London sent out successively Messrs. Potts and Parkes to 
Canton as collectors, through whose exertions both the gardens and herbaria of Europe have 
been greatly enriched. Extensive materials were furnished by the researches of Mr. G. T. 
Lay, naturalist of H.M.S. Blossom, commanded by Captain P. W. Beechey, and which, in 
the coui-se of a voyage (1825-28) to the Pacific and Behring's Straits, made some stay at 
Macao. The Botany of this voyage, elaborated by Sir W. J. Hooker and Dr. Walker Arnott, 
and produced in a similar form to the present volume, appeared in 1841. Professor F. J. F. 
Meyen, of Berlin, in the course of a voyage of circumnavigation undertaken by him from 
1830^ to 1833, a relation of which he afterwards published under the title 'Reise um die 
Erdo,' twice visited Macao and Canton ; he inserted some remarks on the climate and vcge- 
tation of the South of China, in the seventeenth volume of the 'Transactions of the Imperial 
Lcopoldino-Caroline Academy of Naturalists,' and new plants collected by him were described 
by Schauer and Walpers, in a Supplement to the nineteenth volume of the same ' Transac- 
tions.' The various herbaria of Europe have also largely profited by the labours of M. 
Gaudichaud, who, as natm-alist to the expedition of the 'Bonite,' which visited Canton and 
Macao m 1S36-7, amassed considerable materials, as well by his own researches as by the 
care of the French Fathers of the foreign missions resident at the latter port. In 1841 Mr 
K. B. ILnds, surgeon of H.M.S. Sulphur, which, on its return from a surveying voyage to 
he Pacific Ocean and the North-west coast of America, took a part in the operations during 
the Chmese war, collected an herbarium of about a hundred and thirty species at Hongkong, 
vjueh were determined and described by Mr. Bentham in ' Hooker's Journal of Botany' for 
1842, and preceded by a notice on the physical aspect, dimate, and vegetation of the island, 
