IIo Stock and Scion. [ZOE 
lost part of its own characteristics, which were only regained grad- 
ually as the Mandarin shoot became more vigorous and could exert 
its old influence over the root. 
About twelve years ago my attention was called to a very large 
grapevine of the variety known as Flaming Tokay, which had been 
grafted on the wild grapevine of California— Vitis Californica. 
The vine must have been some ten years old, and covered part of a 
veranda with luxuriant foliage, and large annual crops of its char- 
acteristic and magnificent flame-colored bunches. From the root 
of this vine, and as it was afterwards ascertained, several inches 
below the graft, a shoot had sprung up which partook of the pecu- 
liar characteristics of both the graft and the root. The new shoot 
was, as regards leaves, intermediate between the Flaming Tokay 
and the Californica. The next year this shoot-branch produced . 
fruit which also showed characteristics of both varieties, but which 
much more resembled the Californica than the Tokay, and accord- 
ingly proved of no particular value. Some cuttings of the new 
sport were propagated and produced a similar hybrid grape, but 
as far as I know no attempt was made to seed the new grape. Ac- 
cording to my theory the old Flaming Tokay grape exerted a large 
influence on the Vis Californica root on which it was grafted, and. 
the sport produced was a sap-hybrid between the graft and the 
stock. 
In 1886 I had occasion to assist a friend in grafting a number, 
one hundred or more, of Sultana grape vines which he desired to 
change to Muscatel Gordo Blanco, like the remainder of the vine- 
yard. The Sultana vine has large pale green leaves, long slender 
shoots, and large compact bunches of very small berries’ The 
Museat is the opposite of this: leaves medium, deep green, short 
branches, and bunches compact and berries large. The Sultanas 
were cut down several inches below the ground and the Muscatel 
graft inserted, leaving no branch of the Sultana. The work was 
all very carefully done, and the grafts all “took.” Two months 
later I went over the vines, only to find to my astonishment that all 
the tops of the vines were Sultanas, or apparently so. Upon exam- 
ination, however, I found that all the grafts had taken, and that — 
there were few if any shoots from the roots. My idea was then that 
the grafts had been mixed up, and that we had inserted Sultana 
grafts in Sultana stocks. However, as the vines grew I found a_ 
