262 Flora of the Olympics. | [ZOE 
article of food and sale among the Indians, the fruit lasting fresh 
and good until December or January, and quantities being con- 
sumed in the cities of the Sound; the snowy everlasting (Anaphalis 
margaritacea), four fine ferns—deer-fern (Zomaria Spicant), its 
fertile fronds towering above the sterile like the protecting antlers of 
the buck over the lesser herd of fawns and does; the beautiful 
maiden’s hair ( Adiantum pedatum), with its smooth stems, glossy- 
black or bluish, and its delicate drooping fingers or divisions to the 
frond; the armed shield-fern ( Aspidium munitum), a graceful plant 
especially from a distance; its dense cluster of bending fronds look- 
ing like some inviting foot-stool; the lady-fern (Asplenium Filix- 
Jemina), always of graceful form, whether rising but a few inches 
along some mossy rill-bank, or towering up from some rich swamp 
toa height of six or seven feet, when it remarkably resembles 
Aspidium Felix-mas. Next flamed up the tall stalks of the giant 
fire-weed ( Epzlobium spicatum), always at hand the year after a fire 
in the forests, though how it gets there so quickly is a mystery to 
the scientific world, its pink-purple flowers making a mass of color 
where it occurs abundantly; the modest little western blue-bell 
(Campanula Scouleri), though “bell-flower’’ would perhaps be 
more appropriate to this species, since but a delicate and varying 
shade of blue dyes its otherwise white flowers, as if you had by 
chance mixed a little bluing in a bowl of milk or white paint, and 
taking thence a spoonful had made a flower ; the dark trailing vines 
of the kinnikinick (Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi), its berries, a beauti- 
ful red, contrasting strongly with the dark green of its leaves, the 
leaves themselves being dried and smoked by the Indians, and 
(shall I confess “sub rosa”), no less eagerly by many of our party 
as their store of tobacco decreased; our two wild roses (Rosa Nut- 
kana, and R. gymnocarpa), the first the anologue of the Eastern 
Rosa blanda or thornless rose, except that it will not do to imagine 
ours “‘thornless,’’ for with this idea in one’s mind, one might get 
into a bad “scrape”’ if he came in contact with its terrible, hooked 
thorns; the second a delicate, little rose, much smaller and gen- 
erally lighter in color than the last, its branches sometimes perfectly 
smooth, but generally thickly beset with straight, harmless prickles; 
the wild pea (Lathyrus polyphyllus ), a fine forage plant in open 
woods where better ones are lacking; close at hand and scrambling 
over bushes, ground, old logs or fences, the black-pea ( Vicia — 
