VOL. I1.] Flora of the Olympics.” 2475. 
hemlock, and, far up the slopes, alpine fir and alpine hemlock. We 
had not proceeded a half mile from the camp before we came upon 
a large snow bank protected from the warm rays of the sun by the 
thick forest at this place. Then came one of those surprises, not 
infrequent in the mountains but seen nowhere else that | am aware 
of—an entire change in the flora. From this snow bank and thick 
woods, we passed almost immediately to an exposed dyke of basalt,, 
upon whose scant patches of earth the sun was now throwing its 
slanting but mid-day rays. The earth, such as there was, was 
almost as dry as an Eastern Oregon slope in summer time, and here 
were the very plants common on the sunny banks of the Willamette 
River, though some of them I had not seen since leaving Oregon, 
and many not since I had joined the expedition. Nearly the entire 
surface of the rock for a hundred yards or more was thickly car- 
peted with the bowlder moss (Racomitrium canescens Brid.), while 
the poison-oak (Rhus diversiloba), was just coming into fruit. The 
mock-orange (Philadelphus Lewisii) was just budding, while the 
plains-grass (Danthonia Californica), mouse-ear chickweed ( Cer- 
astium arvense), stone-crop (Sedum spathulifolium, “ moss ’? in the 
vernacular throughout Oregon and Washington), five-finger (Po- 
tentilla glandulosa), Hosackia parviflora, small-headed clover ( 777- 
folium microcephalum), few-flowered clover (7: pauciflorum), and 
rock club-moss (Se/aginella rupestris), not only all plants new to 
the trip, but the only plants here growing. How did they find this, 
to them, little oasis in the desert of forest? Certainly it supports 
the theory advanced by some, if theory it can be called, that the va- 
rious methods in which seeds may be scattered cannot be measured, 
that where you find the suitable habitat and environment, there you 
will be sure to find the plant. Here also were a few plants seen at our 
landing on Hood’s canal, and not seen since, namely, the cherry 
(Prunus emarginata var. mollis), and the yellow Composite 
(Troximon laciniatum). Near the dyke was our common early 
violet (Viola sarmentosa) and strange companion for this little 
friend found only about Portland, the snow-loving bramble (. Rubus 
_ nivalis), a pretty thing with its glossy, evergreen leaves and lurid- 
red flowers. Rare mosses, lichens, and fungi now began to appear 
- on every hand, the most noticeable of the first class being the cat- 
~ erpillar moss (/Zypnum robustum ), so named on account of the yel- 
. lowish-green and exceedingly worm-like branches; while the ‘‘ bar- 
