284 ’ Recent Literature. [ZOE 4 
confirmed by further research,” says the author in conclusion, ‘the 
Interarticular Cartilage might appropriately be called the ‘ Quad- 
rate Cartilage.’ ” 
The Cell Theory, Past and Present»* Part II. In-this valuable 
paper we find a resumé of the theories of the leading histologists 
concerning the nature of the cell and its mode of reproduction, 
together with the views of the author on this most important sub- 
ject. The general conclusions reached are that ‘a cell wall is not 
constant but of secondary formation. A free formation of cells 
within an extracellular blastema- by deposition around a nucleolus 
to form a nucleus, and then around the nucleus to form a cell, does 
not take place. Young cells arise from a parent cell by division of 
the nucleus, followed by cleavage of the cell protoplasm, so that 
each cell is directly descended froma pre-existing cell.” The paper 
concludes with a discussion of the bearing of the latest develop- 
ments of the cell theory on the subject of heredity. 
Note on the Soaring of the flawk, by T. W. Kirk, F.R.M.S., 
etc., of the Geological Survey Department of New Zealand.+ The 
author of this paper notices a quite similar case (the interlocking 
of the primaries of a hawk shot while soaring) to the one brought 
before the New York Academy of Sciences by Professor W. P. 
Trowbridge more than a year ago. The subject was discussed at 
length, and the impossibility of it occurring through the volition ot 
the bird ably demonstrated. Recent literature on the subject may 
be found in Trans. N. Y, Acad., vol. vii, pp. 19, 75, 80. 
North American Fauna, No. 4. Descriptions of twenty-six new 
species of North American mammals, by Dr. C. Hart MERRIAM, 
U.S. Dept. Agr., Div. of O. & M., Oct. 8, 1890. Contains descrip- 
tions of six new species and one sub-species of the genus Spilogale; 
four species and one sub-species genus Zamias; three species Evo- 
tomys ; Mustela caurina; Molossus californicus, Cynomys leucurus; 
one species, two subspecies genus Spermophilus; three species Di- 
podomys; Geomys bursarius lutescens; flesperomys macropus. Ac- 
_ companied with three plates. W. E. B. 
Microscopical Society, by Sir 
President of the Society. Nature, Novem- 
Z Inaugural Address delivered to the Scottish 
William Turner, F.R.S., $.L. and EB. 
_ ber 13, 1890, p. jhe . x” oe Argo as 
t Trans. Royal Society of South Australia. XIII,i, 110. 
