SECONDARY MIGRATION OF BIRDS. 
BY A. W. ANTHONY. 
In presenting the following notes on an unusual habit noted in 
several species of migratory birds, the writer does not try to ex- 
plain the motive that prompts such species as Say’s flycatcher to 
pause in its migration and raise a brood of young before preceed- 
ing to its summer home, nor does he claim that all individuals of a 
species are given to such eccentricities. The notes are presented 
as taken from the memoranda of field work and are published in 
hopes of inducing others, who may have observed similar habits, 
to publish their observations and by so doing throw more light on 
this interesting subject. 
The question of whether a second migration occurred after the 
first broods were raised, and to what extent such migration ex- 
tended if it took place, was first presented to my mind upon read- 
ing a note on the white-crowned sparrow by Mr. Frank M. Drew 
(Bull. N. O. C., iv., 139), in which he gives the species as nesting 
. at Silverton, Colorado, and says: ‘‘ After getting the first broods off . 
their bills the white-crowns become scarce in the park but mumer- 
ous among the stunted bushes, above timber line, where they raise 
a second brood; thus making a double migration in the breeding 
season and keeping their love song in fashion until late in the fall.” 
These notes were verified by my own observations at Silverton in 
1883, when white-crowns were found in abundance along the willow- 
lined streams in May and June and several nests were taken. After 
the first week in July, however, they were rather scarce in the lower 
valleys but suddenly made their appearance about the snow banks, 
above timber line, where a second brood was raised and where 
they remained in abundance until late in fall. 
' In this instance a migration certainly took place in the midst of 
the nesting season. To what extent in latitude it is impossible to 
ascertain, but vertically it could not have been less than 2,000 feet, 
and it is not unreasonable to suppose that in gaining this elevation 
some distance was also gained in latitude. 
During the seasons of 1884-85, and again during the past spring 
(1890), I devoted a large part of my time to collecting in the heavy 
fir forests of northwestern Oregon. Throughout this region the 
western winter wren was found to be rather common and apparently 
