VOL. I.] Recent Lito-ature. 155 



JiDico ridgwayiy Sphius trisiis pallidus^ CoccotJu^attstcs vcspcrtiua 

 7no?ita7ia Ridgvvay, and Melancrpes fomiicivorus acidcata. (The lat- 

 ter being the small-billed race which Mr. W. W. Price once collected 

 and sent to an Eastern authority, as representing a new form, but 

 failed to secure a recognition of his views.) Observations on the 

 Avifauna of Portions of Arizona, by Edgar A. Mcarns, M. D. (con- 

 cluded from vol. vii, p. 55.) Notices of 64 species and second 

 description of the nest and eggs of the red-faced Warbler f^(7.2r- 

 dcUina rubrifroiis). Notes on Birds Observed in the Colorado 

 Desert in Winter, by F. Stephens. Shows that Harpochynchiis 

 crissalis ranges as far west as Indio, San Diego county, and winters 

 in the desert, as does also Pipilo aberti, Aiinpanis fiaviceps, Po- 

 Uoptila phtmbeay Oroscopies montamis "dXiA myadestes toivnscndi^\\\^ 

 two latter as stragglers. 



First Report of the Secretary of Agriculture, 1889. Contains 

 fourth annual Report of Ornit/ioloi^ist and Maminalogist, by C. 

 Hart Merriam, M. D., Chief of Division, etc. Also, articles on the 

 marsh hawk (Circus hudsonius) and screech owl (fnegascops asio) 

 with colored plates of both species. 



On the Carpologic Structure and Development of the Collcmacece 

 and Allied Groups, with eight plates. By William C. Sturgis. 

 From Proc. Am. Acad. Arts and Sciences, vol. xxv. The conclu- 

 sions reached by Dr. Sturgis in this paper cannot be better stated 

 than by quoting his own summary of results as follows: i. My in- 

 vestigations upon the Collemaceous genera Leptogium and Col- 

 lema * * * are entirely confirmatory of the results arrived at 

 by Stahl in his investigations upon those groups. There exists in 

 the Collemacea; at least two modifications of a sexual type of repro- 

 duction, one monoclinic, of which Collema chalazanum Ach., is a 

 typical exan^ple, the other diclinic, exemplified by Leptogiufn myo- 

 chroum (Ehrh., Schaer.) Tuck., and Collema nigrescens (Huds.)Ach. 

 2. The genus Ilydrothyria, represented by //. venosa Russ., cannot, 

 as heretofore, be considered as typically Collemaceous, but is to be 

 regarded as transitional in its character, and related to the genera 

 Peltigeraand Pannaria, between which it forms a more or less def- 

 inite link. 3. In the groups of typically heteromeric lichens more 

 nearly related structurally to the Collcmacese, as well as in the trans- 

 itional forms' represented by Pannaria, lieppia, and Hydrothyria, 



