1900] Webster, — Cleistogamy in Linaria Canadensis 169 
plants appeared within five or six feet of the spot where the first was 
seen. These were examined almost daily from April to October, and 
were seen to produce flowers abundantly, which were all cleistogamous. 
No other plants of this species were noticed in the neighborhood of 
these in either year. They grew in soil that was not very rich, and 
was composed of gravelly loam with a small addition of material from 
a peat meadow. They attained a height of twenty to twenty-four 
inches, developing branched racemes, some of which were a foot or 
more in length. Two of the plants branched from the bottom. They 
were exposed to the sun in the morning, but were shaded in the latter 
part of the day. 
The closed corollas averaged about one-sixteenth of an inch in 
height and about one-twentieth of an inch in diameter at the base. 
They were closely contracted around the four anthers, and were com- 
pressed into a little knot at the top. The expanded bases of the fila- 
ments were confined within so small a circle that they coalesced, 
forming a small corona within the corolla. The corollas were white, 
with a faint blue tinge, slightly inclined to pink in the two or three 
cases in which a short spur was produced. Almost all the flowers were 
spurless. As soon as a corolla was pushed above its calyx by the 
growth of the ovary, it was separated from the latter and dropped. 
The flowers produced seeds. 
Since my attention was first drawn to the occurrence of cleisto: 
gamous flowers in Linaria Canadensis, I have noticed them in racemes 
which bore also fully developed flowers on plants of this species grow- 
ing in other localities. Mr. E. L. Rand, Mr. Walter Deane, and others 
have also noticed them. Several authors describe the plant as fre- 
quently having flowers with no corolla, or with a spurless corolla. 
In Contributions from the U. S. Herbarium, Vol. III., No. 8, p. 517, 
Rydberg records from the Black Hills of South Dakota a form of this 
species: “ Very slender and depauperate, apparently with cleistoga- 
mous flowers. ‘The same form has also been collected in Nebraska by 
Rev. J. M. Bates, of. Valentine." 
Mr. T. S. Brandegee states in Zoe for June, 1900, p. 13, that he 
has noticed *a multitude of cleistogamous flowers on the lower part of 
the main and the whole length of the many side branches" of Z. Caza- 
densis, Dum., as it grows about San Diego. 
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. 
