1900] Bailey, — The old-time flora of Providence 219 
Epiphegus Virginiana, Bart, grew as in our own time, in ‘ The 
Grotto.” I would extend the finding to almost any beech-grove in 
the State. The only Gerardia recorded is G. tenuifolia, Vahl. as 
found near the Woonasquatucket river, Aug. 14, 1830. This does 
not necessarily mean within the city, though even now it is abundant 
at a place remote from that cited, viz., beyond Cat Swamp. It is 
rather curious that there is no mention of the four or five others, in- 
cluding maritima, all within the lines of our city. 
The localities of Orchids are always interesting. We find Hadena- 
ria blephariglottis, Torr., turning up in those days at Mashapaug 
Pond, and — still more interesting — “ near Sandy Bottom at the head 
of Providence Cove, August, 1830.” Fancy it now, ye loiterers at 
the new station, which occupies the position of the once limpid — and 
later, putrescent — Cove! ‘This beautiful native grew on a spot now 
defiled by ashes and garbage — and where toil the Italian scavengers, 
neither do they spin! 
Habenaria lacera, R. Br., is marked “ Dyer's pasture " — a location 
I fail to identify — and Æ. psycodes at Trip-town. ‘This local name 
has also vanished from the map. Where, too, were * Tifft's woods " 
then the home of X. fimbriata, R. Br.? In my time it has occurred 
in Olneyville. Arethusa bulbosa, L., I am delighted to note, was ob- 
served in Cat Swamp, Juno, 1832. It was true to this record certainly 
as late as 1890. Pogonia ophioglossoides, Nutt., was always found 
there, but there is no check against P. verticillata, Walt., a choice 
orchid, which still turns up in town. Some years it is brought me by 
a number of people, — and from various stations. 
Of course the lady’s slipper, Cypripedium acaule, Ait., was preva- 
lent, as it is now, in all sandy woods. It prevails especially in the 
tenth ward, formerly in the town of North Providence. The locality 
given for Corallorhiza odontorhiza, Nutt., is “ The Grotto.” 
In 1830 wild rice, Zizania aquatica, L., grew, as it still does, “in 
the wet land at the head of Providence Cove, where its tall reed-like 
stems, swaying in the wind, and its feathery plumes, are fair to see. 
Under Myriophyllum procumbens — what is it now? — my father 
has this note, “ Leonard's Pond, N. Providence, fence leading from 
a white house on the Louisquisset Turnpike, strikes the shore of the 
pond at a spot where the M. ^. grows abundantly, August, 1837.” 
Probably of the items here mentioned, pond, town, house, fence, road 
and plant; only the road and the pond survive. However, the plant 
