1901] Fernald, — Monarda fistulosa and its allies 13 
habital resemblance to Gnaphalium dioicum. There can, therefore, 
be no reasonable doubt that these were the specimens which fur- 
nished to Linnaeus the characteristics recorded in the uncompiled 
(i. e., first and last) portions of his description and which, therefore, 
must be regarded as the types of the species. "These specimens are 
precisely 4. flantaginea as interpreted by Mr. Fernald (the 4. 
decipiens of Prof. Greene). Regarding the identity of the Plukenet 
plant, there is certainly nothing either in the description or figure to 
prove it different from the plant of Linnaeus. It was, from the 
figure, surely not the same as the plant of Clayton, which has much 
longer stolons and obovate leaves, rounded, not pointed, at the 
apex. However, in comparison with the plant which was actually 
examined by Linnaeus and which seems to have furnished him the 
information contained in the original (uncompiled) portions of his 
description, neither the plant of Clayton, which he did not see, nor the 
plant of Plukenet, which he probably did not see, can have any 
great weight in determining the identity of the species. The brief 
pre-Linnaean descriptions of these two plants are cited by Linnaeus 
after his own technical description and merely as supposed syno- 
nyms. ‘The fact that at least one of these quoted expressions proves 
not to be synonymous, certainly cannot invalidate or alter the species 
as conceived and described by Linnaeus from the material at his 
command. 
GRAY HERBARIUM. 
MONARDA FISTULOSA AND ITS ALLIES. 
M. L. FERNALD. 
THE plants which have long been referred to Monarda fistulosa 
have recently been treated in very dissimilar ways by different 
authors. Dr. Gray in the Synoptical Flora regarded them all as 
phases of one polymorphous species, M. fistulosa, L., recognizing 
besides M. fistulosa three varieties, var. rubra (M. purpurea, Pursh), 
var. media (M. media, Willd.), and var. mollis, Benth. (MZ. mollis, 
L.). In the Illustrated Flora, however, Dr. Britton recognizes three 
species, M. fistulosa, L. (including M. mollis, L.), M. media, Willd. 
(M. fistulosa, var. rubra, Gray), and M. scabra, Beck (including M. 
Jistulosa, var. mollis, Benth., in part). In view of these divergent 
