1901] Scribner & Merrill,— New England Panicum 103 
7. unicum virgatum L. Sp. PI. 59. 1753. — A Stout, erect peren- 
nial, 9-15 dm. high, with strong creeping rootstocks, long, flat leaves 
and ample spreading panicles. Culms smooth, terete; sheaths 
smooth, ciliate along the margins above; ligule very short, naked, 
or densely ciliate and long pilose; leaf-blades 25—60 cm. long, 
4-10 mm. wide, scabrous on the margins, sometimes pilose above, 
near the base, otherwise smooth, long-acuminate-pointed. Panicle 
15-50 cm. long, the branches solitary, or several together, more or 
less widely spreading, rather rigid, the lower 10-25 cm. long. Spike- 
lets ovate, acuminate, 4-5 mm. long, the acuminate first glume 
about one-half the length of the spikelet, 3 to 5-nerved; second 
glume usually longer than the others, 5 to 7-nerved, as in the third, 
which has a palea and usually a staminate flower in its axil ; Hower- 
ing glume smooth and shining, distinctly shorter than the larger 
outer glumes. 
General distribution: in sandy soil, usually along streams and 
about ponds, Maine to North Dakota and Colorado, south to Florida 
and Texas (Mexico), June to October. 
Marne : Wells, Kate Furbish, 1879; Kennebunk, W. H. Manning, 
July 28, 1894; Sebec, shore of Sebec Lake, 7. W. Freese 1895 ; 
Oldtown, Pushaw Bridge, AZ Z. Fernald, Sept. 18, 1897. NEw 
HAMPSHIRE: Hindsdale, 549 B. Z. Robinson, 1898. VERMONT: 
Vernon, open grounds, 87 B. Z. Robinson, Aug. 2, 1898. Massa- 
cHusETTS: Malden, X. Frohock, 1879; Revere, IV. P. Rich, Aug. S, 
1888; Oak Island, Æ. A. Young, Aug. 6, 1882, July 3o, 1882 and 
July 27, 1879, also W. Deane, Sept. 13, 1894; Montague, 7. R. 
Churchill, July 28, 1857 ; Nonquit, Æ. Z. Sturtevant, Aug. 29, 1888 and 
July 25, 1889; Framingham, E. C. Smith, July 27, 1897 ; Saugus, 
W. P. Rich, Aug. 4, 1889; Wareham, along borders of a salt 
marsh, W. P. Rich, Aug. 6, 1891; Nantasket Beach, meadow, W. 
P. Rich, July 23, 1896; Milton, 7. R. Churchill, AUS. e 1883; 
Dorchester, 7. R. Churchill, 1883; Springfield, W. Deane, Aug. 
31, 1895." RHobpE IsrANp: East Providence, 7. / Collins. July 
24, 1892; Providence, 7. Blake, Sept, ro, 1857. CONNECTICUT; 
New Haven, 7. 4. Alien, Sept. 19, 1877. 
t f A weak spreading plant; outer glumes warty-roughened. 
8. PANICUM vERRUCOSUM Muhl. Gram. 113. 1817. (Panicum 
debile Ell. Sk. Bot. S. C. and Ga. 1: 129. 1817, not Desf. 1800.) — 
A slender, branching perennial, with flat leaves and few-flowered, 
spreading panicles. Culms very smooth, weak, decumbent or 
reclining, rarely erect, 3-9 dm. long. Sheaths smooth, much shorter 
than the internodes, ciliate on the margins above; ligule very short, 
ciliate; leaf-blades lanceolate, 8—15 cm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, sca- 
brous on the margins, contracted at the base, very acute. Panicles 
8-20 cm. long, capillary, branches solitary or in pairs the lower 5-10 
