1901] Scribner & Merrill, — New England Panicum 113 
the primary one exserted, its branches spreading often flexuous, 
the secondary ones much smaller and more or less included. Spike- 
lets obovoid, 3 mm long, obtuse; first glume triangular, about one- 
third as long as the spikelet or less; second and third glumes equal, 
7 to g-nerved, pubescent with rather short spreading hairs. 
General distribution : in dry or moist soil, Maine and Ontario to 
Washington south to Alabama, Kansas, and Arizona. June to 
August. 
MaixE: South Berwick, M. Z. Fernald, Sept. 26, 1897 ; dry open 
woods, 996 7. C. Parlin, Sept., 1897 ; York, M. L. Fernald, July 15, 
1891. VERMONT: Westminster, B. Z. Robinson, June 16, 1898 ; 
Brattleboro, 4. 7. Grout, July 8, 1895. Massacuusetts: Welles- 
ley, on a railroad embankment, 731 Æ. C. Smith; Needham, dry 
sterile fields, 7: O. Fuller, June 22, 1890; Reading, C. E. Perkins, 
June 4, 1883; Revere, gravelly ground, W. P. Rich, June 10, 1899; 
Wilmington, W. P. Rich June 11, 1899; Wakefield, Æ S. Collins, 
June 12, 1887 ; Ipswich, sub. nom. Panicum dichotomum var. nitidum 
in Heri. Oakes; Canton Æ. & C. E. Faxon, June 4, 1880; Mt. 
Holyoke, 7. Blake, June, 1858; Brookline, C. W. Swan, June 22, 
1881; Roxbury, C. W. Swan, July 23, 1882; Waltham, W. Deane, 
June 22, 1884; Nantucket, W. Deane, July 11, 1884. 
§ § Spikelets less than 3 mm. in length: plants usually rather soft in texture. 
= Whole plant smooth or nearly so. 
|| Nodes bearded. 
20. PANICUM BARBULATUM Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. I: 49. 1803. 
(Panicum discolor Spreng. Mant. Fl. Hal. 31. 1807 — Muhl. Gram. 
114. 1817: P. heterophyllum Muhl. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 3: 160. 
1793, nomen nudum: /. heterophyllum Schreb. in Muhl. Gram. 115. ` 
1817, as synonym; P. heterophyllum Bosc. in Nees, Agrost. Bras. 239, 
1829; P. microcarpon Muhl. in Ell. Sk. Bot. S. C. and Ga. 1: 127, 
Jan. 1817, not Muhl. Gram. rir. June, 1817: P. nitidum barbatum 
Torr. Fl. U. S. 1: 146. 1824; P. dichotomum barbulatum A. Gray, 
Man. Bot. 580. 1848; P. pubescens barbulatum Britt. Cat. Pl. N. n 
280. 1889. )— An erect or ascending, nearly glabrous perennial, 4—9 
dm. high, with strongly barbed nodes and small glabrous spikelets. 
Culms at first simple, erect, later profusely branched throughout, 
becoming prostrate or leaning; nodes strongly retrorsely barbed. 
Sheaths shorter than the internodes, rather loose, glabrous except 
on the usually ciliate margins and often slightly bearded apex, those 
of the primary stem often irregularly marked with white spots ; ligule 
a short ciliate ring or nearly obsolete ; leaf-blades glabrous, those of 
the primary stem lanceolate, acute, narrowed to the truncate or 
rounded base, 8-14 cm. long, 8-12 mm. wide, spreading, the lower 
ones usually reflexed, those of the slender branches much smaller, 
