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1901] Fernald, — Vascular Plants of Mt. Katahdin. 167 
the plants in their alpine homes. Upon his observations and guid- 
ance depended many of the results accomplished by the Scientific 
Survey of 1861, but apparently no more definite record exists of his 
botanical knowledge of the mountain. 
Joseph Blake, whose Fourth of July, 1856, was celebrated by the 
discovery of Saxifraga stellaris, var. comosa, previously unknown 
south of extreme Arctic America, apparently left no detailed account 
of his trip, though his herbarium is preserved at the University of 
Maine, and many scattered Katahdin records are based on his plants. 
In 1861, during the Scientific Survey of Maine, two parties visit- 
ed Katahdin. ‘The first of these, with * Parson " Keep as guide, con- 
| sisted of C. H. Hitchcock, G. L. Goodale, A. S. Packard, Edmund 
H. Davis, and a Mr. Maxwell. They ascended by way of the East- 
ern Spur, thence to the Chimney, the Monument peaks and the 
Tableland, and from there to Chimney Pond. The other party, con- 
sisting of John C. Houghton and G. L. Vose, made the ascent in 
September, by the Southwest Slide. Many of the plants collected by 
these parties are enumerated in the report of the Survey for 1861, 
while others are specially indicated in the Portland Catalogue, pre- 
pared by Prof. Goodale and the late Rev. Joseph Blake. Most of 
the specimens, stored temporarily in Portland, were destroyed by fire, 
though a very few are still extant. 
In August, 1873, and again in 1874, a party from Orono and Ban- 
gor, under the leadership of M. C. Fernald, and with F. Lamson- 
Scribner as botanist, ascended by the East Spur. The botanical re- 
sults of these expeditions were published several years later by Prof. 
Scribner in the Botanical Gazette (xvii. 46-54) and most of the 
specimens are in the herbarium of the New England Botanical Club. 
In August, 1892, another party from the University of Maine at 
Orono, with the late Fred P. Briggs as botanist, ascended the North 
wall of the North Basin to the North Summit, thus exploring almost 
if not quite virgin territory. The results of this trip were enumer- 
ated by Mr. Briggs in the Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 
(xix. 333-336), but unfortunately without special indication of sta- 
tions. 
In 1895, Prof. Alfred B. Aubert of Orono published in Le Dia- 
tomiste (ii. 211) a list of Diatoms from Katahdin, collected by Prof. 
L. H. Merrill. 
In September, 1898, another large party from Orono with several 
