1902] Robinson, — Plants Mentioned in Young's Chronicles 81 



of L. major from Maine, of L. media from Vermont, of L. Huronensis 

 from Vermont. Massachusetts, and Connecticut, of L. hyperborea 

 f om Vermont; and of L. fragrans from Vermont. 

 Mt. Pleasant, Pennsylvania. 



Concerning the Plants mentioned in Young's Chronicles. — 

 In going through the numbers of the Rhodora to record the notices 

 of Essex County plants in my card catalog, I found the article by 

 Mr. S. B. Parish, "Vegetation in Plymouth Three Hundred Years 

 Ago," where the writer quotes " Young's Chronicles of the Pilgrim 

 Fathers 1602-1625," as follows : — ...."vines everywhere, cherry 

 trees, plum trees, .... Many kinds of herbs we found here in winter, 

 as strawberry leaves innumerable, sorrel, yarrow, carval, brooklime, 

 liverwort, water cresses, great store of leak and onions and an excel- 

 lent kind of flax or hemp " (Rhodora, Jan. 1901, p. 17). 



Referring to this often quoted paragraph, the late Dr. Charles 

 Pickering, in a letter to me dated November 10, 1875, writes: — "My 

 attention has recently been directed to Mourt's Relation of the Land- 

 ing at Plymouth, from his having borrowed Higgeson's account of 

 the plants around Salem, pretending that at Plymouth although ' in 

 winter ' there were growing around the landing place 



'sorrel, yarrow, carvel, brooklime, liverwort, watercresses,' etc. 

 ' sorrel, brooklime, liverwort, carvell, and watercresses ' 

 were found in 1630 by Higgeson around Salem (Hist. col. I. p. 121.) ; 

 ' carvell ' (chervil) is pretty clearly Osmorrhiza longistylis, observed 

 by myself in Paradise a local name for a formerly lovely region near 

 Salem] in the broken rocky place in front of Gen. Devereux's resi- 

 dence ; perhaps the very spot where it was seen by Higgeson. 

 1 brookime,' Veronica beccabunga, has been observed by myself in 

 the cedar-margined outlet of Mineral-spring pond, and may have 

 been seen there by Higgeson, especially as he describes the ' Giant's 

 battle-field ' [the scattered boulders : near there]. 



Higgeson also mentions 'two kinds of flowers very sweet, which 

 they say are good to make cordage' (Apocynum androsaemifolium, 

 and the depressed form of A. cannabinum growing around Middleton 

 pond and pointed out to me by Oakes)." 



I think that the quotation from Ur. Pickering's letter requires no 

 comment of mine, but it is evident that the region about Salem not 



