1903] Fernald, — Lists of New England Plants, — X 225 



better to retain for the plant of Greenland and North America the 

 well established name of Drejer. 



Carex rigida, Good., with short dark spikelets, occurs in extreme 

 northern Europe and America and in the Rocky Mountains. Our 

 representative, var. Bigclovii, Tuck., occurs also in northern Europe 

 and it differs only in its taller habit and looser spikelets from typical 

 C. rigida. It is a plant of arctic and alpine districts, quickly sepa- 

 rated from the lowland C. Goodenowii (see note above) by its looser 

 purplish spikelets and nerveless perigynia, and especially by its 

 broad leaves (3 to 6 mm. broad) which have revolute margins in 

 drying. 



In the Herbarium of Brown University there is a sheet of loose 

 material of Carex Schweinitzii marked by the late J. L. Bennett 

 "Rhode Island." There is, however, a sheet of similar material 

 from S. U. Cowles collected in Cortland Co., New York; and it is 

 probable that the other sheet was labeled "Rhode Island" through 

 some misinterpretation. 



All the Vermont material which the writer has received as Carex 

 squarrosa is better referred to C. typhinoides. 



Since discussing 1 in detail as Carex echmata the plant long known 

 to European and American botanists as C. echinata, Murray, or C. 

 stellulata, Goodenow, I have received from Mr. Theodor Holm per- 

 mission to use a quotation from a letter sent to him by Mr. C. B. 

 Clarke, the eminent student of the Cyperaceae. Mr. Clarke, as 

 quoted by Mr. Holm in a recent letter, wrote under date of June 30, 

 1901 : "C. echinata, Murr. is = C. divulsa, Gooden. and not near 

 C. stellulata, Gooden. The original sheet of Murray is in the British 

 Museum, inscribed in his own hand as his echinata ; it is a very good 

 specimen, and Jas. Britten (or any other botanist at the British 

 Museum) will tell you that there can be no dispute about this iden- 

 tification." The names C. echinata and C. stellulata have long been 

 interchangeable in European and American botanical literature ; but 

 as a result of Mr. Clarke's identification of the Murray type the name 

 C. echinata must be applied to another European plant, while the 

 circumboreal species, represented by various forms in Europe, Asia, 

 and America, must be called C. stellulata, Goodenow. 



Carex stricta, Lam., presents very diverse forms, but a study of 



1 Proc. Am. Acad, xxxvii. no. 17, 453-456, 483-484 (1902). 



