132 
Rhodora 
[May 
woods,” “moist shady places,” “deep forests,” “rich woods” and 
like terms. 
tation. 
* Acer rubrum, L. 
* A. saccharinum, Wang. 
* Tilia Americana, L. 
* Platanus occidentalis, L. 
* Ulmus Americana, L. 
* Pinus Strobus, L. 
* Quercus coccinea, Wang. 
* Fraxinus Americana, L. 
? Amelanchier Canadensis oblongi- 
folia, Torr. & Gray. 
? Alnus incana, Willd. 
? A. serrulata, Willd. 
? Ampelopsis quinquefolia, Michx. 
? Rhus Toxicodendron, L. 
Arisaema triphyllum, Torr. 
Maianthemum Canadense, Desf. 
Circaea Lutetiana, L. 
C. alpina, L. 
Boehmeria cylindrica, Willd. 
Aralia nudicaulis, L. 
Viola pubescens, Ait. 
V. blanda, Willd. 
ga. SWAMP FORMATION. 
These moist cool woods have a very characteristic vege 
Sanguinaria Canadensis, L. 
Trillium cernuum, L. 
Oakesia sessilifolia, Wats. 
Erythronium Americanum, Ker. 
Impatiens fulva, Nutt. 
Pilea pumila, Gray. 
Allium Canadense, Kalm. 
Ranunculus abortivus, L. 
Geranium maculatum, L. 
G. Robertianum, L. 
Osmunda cinnamomea, L. 
Asplenium Filix-foemina, Bernh. 
Medeola Virginica, L. 
Cornus Canadensis, L. 
Viola cucullata, Ait. 
Actaea alba, Bigel. 
Solidago latifolia, L. 
S. ulmifolia, Muhl. 
S. serotina, Ait. 
Veratrum viride, Ait. 
Prenanthes alba, L. 
Helophytes. 
Habitat: open swamps and marshes ; soil more or less submersed ; 
water shallow, often drying up in summer; plants amphibious or 
partly emersed ; similar conditions in margins of ponds and shallow 
streams. 
Sagittaria variabilis, Engelm. 
S. heterophylla, Pursh. 
? Alnus incana, Willd. 
? A. serrulata, Willd. 
? Rosa lucida, Ehrh. 
? Myrica Gale, L. 
? Rhus venenata, DC. 
? Cephalanthus occidentalis, L. 
Ludwigia palustris, L. 
Proserpinaca palustris, L. 
Cicuta maculata, L. 
C. bulbifera, L. 
Acorus Calamus, L. 
Sium cicutaefolium, Gmelin. 
Alisma Plantago, L. 
Pontederia cordata, L. 
Lathyrus palustris, L. 
Equisetum limosum, L. 
Decodon verticillatus, Ell. 
Veronica scutellata, L. 
Cardamine Pennsylvanica, Muhl. 
Caltha palustris, L. 
Sparganium eurycarpum, Engelm. 
Iris versicolor, L. 
Typha latifolia, L. 
Carex stricta, Lam. 
Sparganium simplex, Huds. 
Peltandra undulata, Raf. 
Zizania aquatica, L. 
Glyceria fluitans, R. Br. 
Rumex Brittanica, L. 
Bidens chrysanthemoides, Michx. 
