1904] Fernald, — Allies of Salix lucida 5 



loides were collected from May 23 to June 26, of S. lucida, May 27 to 

 June 25, of ^. hisiandra, June 15 to July 7; its thick-walled, conic- 

 subulate capsules which in maturity are 7 to 12 mm. long, the 

 thinner-walled capsules of S. amygdaloides being conic-ovoid, 4 to 5 

 mm. long of S. lucida and of S. lasiajidra narrowly conic-ovoid, 4.5 

 to 6.5 mm. long; and the thickish pedicels which are about twice as 

 long as the gland, while in S. lasiandra the more slender pedicel is 

 three times as long as the gland, in S. amygdaloides and S. lucida 

 often four or five times as long. 



From Salix amygdaloides the late-fruiting willow is further distin- 

 guished by its short thick aments and by the gland-tipped petioles ; 

 from S. lucida, as already stated, by its elliptic-lanceolate leaves which 

 are acute or short-acuminate but rarely caudate-attenuate at tip, and 

 pale or sometimes whitened beneath. In leaf-outline it is not unlike 

 some forms of the western .S". lasiandra, but in view of the three 

 important distinctions already pointed out, the eastern shrub is hardly 

 to be identified with that Cascade Mountain tree. 



The only willow which in its conic-subulate capsule and gland- 

 tipped petioles approaches the shrub is the European Salix penta?idra, 

 a tree which is occasionally cultivated but rarely established about 

 towns from New England to Ohio. That tree, however, has oblong 

 or ovate-oblong leaves, green on both surfaces, the flower-scales gla- 

 brous or at first pubescent at base with stiff straightish hairs ; and the 

 slightly shorter mature capsules, at least in the American form, 

 subcordate instead of narrowed at base. Furthermore, as S. pentan- 

 dra occurs in New England it matures and loses its fruit in mid- 

 summer. 



A search through local floras of the regions from which this shrub 

 of our inland sphagnous swamps is known, reveals several interesting 

 .notes, all emphasizing its leading characteristic — the late flowering 

 and fruiting. Thus, in Dudley's Cayuga Flora we find : " S. lucida, 

 Muhl., var. ■ with beautiful shining, coriaceous, very finely ser- 

 rate leaves, larger, light-brown pods, and flowers and fruits very much 

 later than in the type, occurs in the Round-Marshes. I have also 

 collected it in Bergen Swamp, N.Y., from which place Mr. Bebb has 

 received it, as well as sparingly from N. J., Ohio, and Mich. Flowers 

 from June 10-30 and matures fruits slowly, the writer obtaining pods 

 still in excellent condition, Sept. 9, 1880." ' [In the same district 



' Dudley, Cayuga Flora (1886) 87. 



