1904] Chase, — Allies of Scirpus lacustris 6^ 



near the base: achene fuscous or grayish black when fully ripe 

 (flavescent before maturity often falling without turning dark), 

 rounded obovoid, abruptly mucronate, 1.3-1.5 by 2 (rarely 2.2 or 

 less than 2) mm., in section plano-convex, or the ventral side slightly 

 convex above, hexagonally reticulate under a lens. 



Type locality : "Habitat in Caribaeis." 



Specimens examined. Nova Scotia, Halifax {Howe &- Lang 

 1602): Ontario (J/r?r^^z/« 34,583) : yiK^iio^K {Bourgeau): Maine, 

 Fort Fairtield {Feniald 2091); Marshfield {Fernald) \ Cumberland 

 Co. {Richer 2>2 2,); Monmouth {Merrill \\2>2>) \ New Sharon {Knoiul- 

 ton) ; Sumner {Parliti) ; Wells {Furbish); South Chesterville {Eaton) : 

 New Hampshire, Pelham {Knowlton) ; Jaffrey {Robinson 121) : Ver- 

 mont, Shelburne Pond {Flynn) ; Manchester {Day 200) : Massa- 

 chusetts, East Gloucester {Swan); Maiden {Co/bins); Westford 

 {Manning) ; Cambridge {Perkins) ; Pittsfield {Hojfmami) : Rhode 

 Island, Providence {Regestcr qt- Collins) : Connecticut, Southing- 

 ton {Andrews 425, Bissell 895); East Haven {Winton): New 

 York {Lucy 222K,, Millspaugh): Pennsylvania {LLeller): Virginia 

 {Small): North Carolina {Coville 57, Vasey): South Carolina 

 {Ravenel): Georgia {LLarper 160, 575): Florida {Simpson 373, 

 Nash 1262, Bilitnore LLerb. 3310) : Texas {Bigclow, Rei'crchon 889) 

 Ohio {Selby 7,21, Yoimg) : Indiana {LLill, Deam, Umbach, Young) 

 Illinois {M. S. Bebb, S/eivart, V. H. Chase, A. Chase 1136, 1677). 

 Michigan {Clarke, Davis, LLoughton, LL. LI. &- D. R. Camp) : Wis- 

 consin {Umbach): Minnesota {Mearns G()^, Fa??imcl ^t^^) \ Iowa 

 {Butler ^, Crafty, Fitzpatrick, Ball, Shimek): Kansas {Shear 239, 

 Norton 549) : Nebraska {Clements 2586, Rydberg 1276, 1388 in part 

 — Nat. Herb. no. 210,395): Montana {Shear 397, Rydberg 2148, 

 3168): Wyoming {A. Nelson 454,3651,7605): Colorado {Wolf 

 &- Rothrock cfT^o, Crajidall z^io): Arizona {MacDougal t^T,^): Wash- 

 ington {Whited 584, LLorner 512): California {Orcutt, Heller 

 5827): Porto Rico {Heller 6290, Sintenis 3846): Cuba {Wright 

 713)- 



Scirpus validus Vahl is distinguished from .S'. lacustris L. by the 

 2-cleft style ; by the lenticular achene \ as large as that of S. lacutris ; 

 by the scales equalling or but little larger than the achenes, pubes- 

 cent along the midrib and at the summit ; and by the terete involucral 

 bract. 



This species shows comparatively little variation, the most notable 

 being that of the Florida, West Indian and Yucatan specimens and 

 MacDougal ^38 from Arizona, which have scales longer and more 

 pubescent, and bristles nearly or quite ^ longer than the achenes. 

 As the type locality of S. validus is "in Caribaeis " it may be assumed 

 that these subtropical specimens are the typical form, but the more 



