1905] Fernald, The Genus Arnica in N. E. America. 147 
more or less villous, linear-lanceolate to narrowly ovate; the basal 
3-9 cm. long, narrowed to winged petioles; cauline 1 to 3 pairs, ses- 
sile, the lowest usually much larger than the upper: head solitary 
(rarely 3), 3.5-5 cm. broad: involucre densely lanate at base, spar- 
ingly villous and viscid-puberulent above; the usually purple-tinged 
lanceolate long-acuminate bracts 1.2-1.5 cm. long: rays 10 to 15, 
prominently 3-toothed: achenes hirsute: pappus barbellate, cream- 
white or slightly sordid.— Diss. 11 (1799), according to Ind. Kew.; 
Fries, Summ. Veg. Scand. 186 (1846); Lange, Consp. Fl. Groen. 
103 (1880); Gray, Syn. Fl. i. pt. 2, 382 (1886), in part; Britton & 
Brown, Ill. Fl. iii. 472 (1898) in part; Britton, Man. 1023 (1901). 
A. montana, B. alpina, L., Sp. 884 (1753). A. angustifolia, Vahl, 
Fl. Dan, ix. t. 1524 (1818).— Arctic and alpine Europe: Greenland: 
GRINNELL LAND (4. W. Greely, no. 22): LABRADOR, Ekontiarsuk, 
Cape Chudleigh (C. Schmitt, no. 312); Hebron (Mentzel). 
= = Involucre uniformly villous throughout. 
A. Sornborgeri. Stem 2 dm. high, viscid-villous throughout, more 
densely so above: leaves glandular-puberulent and viscid-villous, 
linear to lanceolate; the basal 6 or 7 cm. long, narrowed to slender 
petioles; cauline 4 pairs, sessile, with scattered reduced bracts above, 
entire or remotely and irregularly short-dentate: head solitary, 4-5 
cm. broad: involucre uniformly viscid-villous; the linear- to lance- 
attenuate purple-tipped bracts 1.2-1.4 cm. long: rays about 15, 
sharply 3-toothed: achenes hirsute: pappus barbellate, cream-white. 
— A. alpina, var. Lessingi, Fernald & Sornborger, Ott. Nat. xiii. 106 
(1899), in part, not Gray.— LABRADOR, banks of mountain brook, at 
100 m. altitude, Ramah, August 20-24, 1897 (J. D. Sornborger, no. 
157,in part). Habitally resembling 4. alpina, but with shorter more 
viscid pubescence which does not become at all lanate at the base of 
the involucre, and with slender-petioled basal leaves. 
++ ++ Stem essentially glabrous below. 
A. PLANTAGINEA, Pursh. Stem 2-4.5 dm. high, minutely and spar- 
ingly villous-hispid or glabrous below, glandular-puberulent above, 
becoming sparingly villous at tip: leaves lanceolate to oblong, entire, 
glabrous or sparingly pubescent on the nerves and margin; the basal 
slender-petioled, 6-10 cm. long; the cauline 2 to 4 pairs, sessile and 
reduced upward, the peduncles sometimes with small scattered bracts : 
