1905] Brainerd, Notes on New England Violets 247 
(the Y. blanda of Willdenow). It is indeed more nearly related to 
the latter than to the former, which, as will be seen in the synopsis 
below, is in a group radically distinct from all the other round-leaved 
white violets. But although the new species is allied to the Y. banda 
of Willdenow, it differs from it in having on the expanding leaves 
and peduncles a white, villose, often dense pubescence that mostly 
persists through the summer, in having bearded lateral petals, and in 
having its upper petals broadly obovate, instead of long, narrow, and 
strongly reflexed. From V. renifolia the new species differs in its 
bearded lateral petals, and in its acute leaves longer than broad, 
excepting the one or two that appear earliest. 
Fine specimens of the four species under discussion were grown 
in pots through the past season, and were under frequent inspection ; 
in foliage and in general aspect the four were all strikingly distinct. 
The new species is plainly northern, and grows even to the summit 
of the highest peaks of Western New England, such as Greylock and 
Equinox. 
I must furthermore state, though with regret, that the three wood- 
land species, when growing together, are disposed, like the blue vio- 
lets, to produce intermediate forms. This has been a further source 
of confusion; but we may hope that in due time after patient study 
this perplexity also may be unraveled. 
SYNOPSIS OF THE New ENGLAND SPECIES OF WHITE ACAUL- 
ESCENT VIOLETS. 
* Cleistogamous capsules oblong, green, subtended by linear-lanceolate sepals ; 
seeds black, about 1 mm. long; peduncles erect or ascending. Usually 
in open bogs, wet meadows and on borders of brooks. 
1. V. LANCEOLATA, L. Leaves narrowly lanceolate. 
2. V. PRIMULIFOLIA, L. Leaves ovate, acute, with subcordate or 
tapering base. 
3. V. pallens (Banks), n. comb. Leaf-blades cordate, obtuse 
or rarely acute, glabrous on both sides; petioles and scapes often 
with scattered hairs, not spotted with red; lateral petals beardless or 
with a few rudimentary hairs, upper petals broadly obovate. — P. 
rotundifolia, B. pallens, Banks in DC. Prodr. i. 295 (1824); V. blanda 
of recent American authors, not Willdenow.— Northeastern North 
America, from Labrador to *the mountains of South Carolina and 
Tennessee" !; and apparently westward. 
! Pollard in Small’s Flora of the Southeastern United States. 
