1906] Fernald, Some new or little known Cyperaceae 163 



to the Pacific, south to New Jersey, central New York, Kansas, 

 Wyoming, &c. 



Var. novae-angliae (Britton), n. comb. Usually taller (1 to 2 m. 

 high): the involucral leaves 3 to 5, the longest 2 to 3.5 dm. long: the 

 looser inflorescence with 3 to 9 curved rays (2 to 10 cm. long) : sj^kelets 

 long-cylindric, 2 to 5 cm. long.— S. nome-aur/hae Bntton m Britton 

 & Brown, 111. Fl. iii. 509, fig. G27a (1898).— Maine to southern New 

 York, also western New York. . 



Var. Fernaldi (Bicknell) Bartlett in herb. Spikelets short-ovoid, 

 1 to 2 cm. long, on mostly elongate rays.— S. Fernaldi Bicknell, 1. c. 

 96 (1901).— Maine to Massachusetts. 



SciRPUS ATROViRENs as it usually passes in eastern America is a 

 complex of three well marked species, which have been already de- 

 fined, two as a species, one as a variety. A very full suite of specimens 

 and field notes sent to the writer by Dr. J. V. Haberer has enabled 

 him to study the plants with much satisfaction and the results of this 

 study may be briefly summarized as follows. 



S.\vTROviRENS Muhl. Gram. 43 (1817). Rather stout, 0.8 to 1.5 

 m. high: leaves pale green, with scabrous margins, 7 to 15 mm. wide, 

 at least the lower nodulose-reticulate, the ribs 0.25 to 0.3 mm. apart: 

 some of the ravs of the inflorescence elongate and definite: spikejets 

 dull greenish-brown or rufescent, narrowly ovoid to cylindric, 3.5 to 

 8 (rarelv 10) mm. long, in glomerules of 10 to 30: scales dark bro^yn 

 orbicular-ovate, abruptlv mucronate. 1.5 to 2 mm. long, one-third 

 longer than the achene:" bristles sparsely and strongly barbed nearly 

 straight, as long as the conspicuously pointed and obovoid-oblong 

 trigonous achene.— Meadows and bogs, Montmorency County, 

 Quebec to Saskatchewan, south to Georgia and Missouri. Fruiting 

 in the North in late July and August. Local in New England and 



adjacent Canada. , , . , i i 



Var. pycnocephalus, n. var. All the rays abbreviated; glomerules 

 crowded in a dense irregular head.— New York, rich alluvia soil, 

 border of Little Lake, IMohawk flats, 2 miles east of Utica, July 18, 

 1900 (J. V. Haberer, no. 151()a). 



S. pallidus (Britton), n. comb. Similar: leaves very pale: spikelets 

 pale brown, very numerous in irregular glomerules: scales elliptic- 

 ovate, 2 to 3 mm. long with the conspicuous pale midribs prolonged 

 into long setulose awns, about twice as long as the ^^'^^^"^^•~"^- 

 atrovirens, var. paUidus Britton, Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci. ix. 14 (188J). 

 — Manitoba to Kansas and the Rocky Mountains. 



S. GEORGiANUS Harper. Slender, 3 to 12 dm. high, bright green: 

 leaves smooth, rarelv nodulose below, numerous, crowded at base, 

 0.5 to 1 cm. broad, the ribs 0.15 to 0.2 mm. apart: spikelets 2 to 4 mm. 

 long, numerous in the glomerules: the greenish-brown or rufescent 



