1906] Fernald, — Some new or little known Cyperaceae 201 



++ ++ Fruiting spikes 6.5 to 8.5 mm. thick, mostly oblong: perigynia spread- 

 ing and straightish, or the lower strongly retrorse. 



Var. RECTIROSTRA Gaudin, Fl. Helvet. vi. 97 (1830). C. /lava, var. 

 gmminis Bailey, 1. c. 30 (1889). — Newfoundland to Michigan and 

 Rhode Island. Europe. 



4- ■*- Staminate spike peduncled; pistillate remote, oblong or subglobose, 

 6.5 to 9 mm. thick: the curved perigynia spreading or usually strongly 

 retrorse. 



Var. ELATioR Schlecht. Fl. Berol. i. 477 (1823); Bailey, 1. c. 28 

 •(1889). C. lepidocarpa Tausch, Flora, xvii. pt. i. 179 (1834). C. 

 flava, var. lepidocarpa Anderss. Cyp. Scand. 25 (1849), & Olney and 

 others in America. — Quebec to Rhode Island and New York. Europe. 



* * Beak distinctly shorter than the body of the perigj^nium, straight or 

 scarcely bent, ascending or horizontally spreading, hardly retrorse. 



■)- Staminate spike usually peduncled; pistillate scattered, oblong or globose, 

 5 to 8 mm. thick. 



C. Oederi Ehrh. Beitr. vi. 83 (1791); Bailey, 1. c. 29 (1889).— C. 

 flava, (3. Oederi Schlecht. Fl. Berol. 477 (1823). C. divisa Oeder, 

 Fl. Dan. iii. t. 371 (1770), not Huds. — Newfoundland to Hudson Bay 

 and Maine. Introduced on ballast southward. Europe. 



-H +- Staminate spike usually sessile, often more or less pistillate; pistillate 

 approximate at tip of culm (rarely 1 or 2 remote), globose to oblong. 



Var. pumila (Cosson & Germain), n. comb. C. viridula Michx. 

 Fl. ii. 170 (1803). C. flava, var. pumila Cosson «& Germain, ¥\. Par. 

 602 (1845). C. Oederi of most American and many European authors. 

 C. flava, subsp. Oederi, y cyperoides Marsson, Fl. Neu-Vorpommern, 

 537 (1869). C. flava, var. viridula Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, i. 

 31 (1889) — Newfoundland to British Columbia and Vancouver, 

 south to New England, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Idaho, and 

 Washington. Europe. 



Carex retuorsa Schwein. varies greatly, several varieties, of AAhich 

 var. Hartii (Dewey) Gray, and var. Macounii (Dewey) Fernald, are 

 the best marked, being described. In both these varieties the spikes 

 are scattered and mostly long-peduncled. In typical C. retrorm thev 

 are mostly clustered and sessile at the tips of the culms, 1.7 to 2 cm. 

 thick, the perigynia 8 to 10 mm. long. A plant collected by Dr. B. L. 

 Robinson at the Rangeley Lakes differs so markedly in its small 

 perigynia and slender spikes that it may be distinguished as 



C. RETRORSA, var. Robinsonii, n. var. Spikes mostly crowded and 

 sessile at the top of the culm, slender, 1.2 to 1.5 cm. thick: perigynia 

 5 to 6 mm. long. — IMaine, gravelly shore. Middle Dam, liangeley 



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