210 Rhodora [NOVEMBER 
berrylike, thus simulating only one ovary]; the accompanying 
figures give a fair illustration of these facts. All of the later writers 
seem to have overlooked Petermann's statement, until in 1893 Koehne 
in his Deutsche Dendrologie 545, fig. 96, K) again describes and 
figures correctly the ovaries apparently without knowing of Peter- 
mann's publication; one of his drawings had been published already 
two years before in Engler & Prantl's Natürliche Pflanzenfamilien (‘Teil 
4, Abteil. 4, p. 167, fig. 57, E), but in the accompanying text Fritsch 
describes the berries as completely connate. In 1903 I described and 
figured the fruit in my Synopsis of the genus Lonicera (Rep. Missouri 
Bot. Gard. XIV. 67, pl. 1, fig. 10-11). Maximowicz in his revision 
of the Loniceras of Eastern Asia (Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. XXXI, 
58. 1886) observed the true state of the fruit of Lonicera caerulea in a 
Japanese form, but failed to recognize its identity with L. caerulea 
which he describes in the usual way as having connate ovaries, and 
published this Japanese form on account of its peculiar bracts as a new 
species under the name of L. emphyllocalyx, the name apparently 
referring to the large bractlets enclosing the ovaries up to the calyx. 
The true character of the fruit is also disclosed by a variety named 
by Regel L. caerulea var. angustifolia (Russkaya Dendr. 144. 1873) 
which shows the tendency at least in the plant cultivated at the Arnold 
Arboretum, to have the cupula more or less distinctly lobed and 
sometimes shorter than the ovaries so as to expose partly the latter. 
We have here again a case where a teratological aberration reveals the 
true morphological character of parts whose morphological origin 
seems doubtful. 
Lonicera caerulea is the only species of the whole genus containing 
about 165 species in which the cupula grows with the ovaries into a 
collective fruit and becomes juicy and colored at maturity. It forms 
thus a very distinct group by itself. In the allied section Chlamydo- 
carpi the cupula and ovaries are in a young state exactly like those of 
L. caerulea, but the cupula does not become fleshy and splits at maturity 
disclosing the red berries. From this section the Vesicariae of Komarov 
do not differ; they were supposed to have a cupula adnate to the base 
of the calyx and growing with the ovaries into a rather dry collective 
fruit. ‘This, however, is not the case, as good and complete material 
which I had recently the opportunity to examine, has shown. Franchet 
who first made the erroneous statement in regard to his L. Ferdinandi 
and Komarov who made it in regard to his L. vesicaria were deceived 
as well as myself by the fact that the top of the cupula adheres so 
