1910] Fernald,— Plants of Wineland the Good 19 
the east shore of Fundy Bay, in the environs of Port Royal (now 
Annapolis, Nova Scotia), the French did not, on the other hand, meet 
with the grape-vine growing wild; for Lescarbot affirms distinctly, 
that, though on the west side they found vines in abundance and ripe 
grapes, in the environs of Port Royal he had seen none such, though 
the country with its hills was well adapted for their growth. Spite of 
this, it would, from testimony well-nigh simultaneous, seem to be a 
matter of certainty, that in southern Nova Scotia the vine also at that 
time grew wild. We have thus an account by Sir William Alexander, 
in his ‘Encouragement to Colonies’ (1624), respecting those he had 
sent out, who landed, July 1623, in Luke’s Bay (Port Mouton, in 
lat. 43° 55’) on the southeastern coast of Nova Scotia, and explored the 
country as far as Cape Negro. ‘The author enumerates here the fruits 
of the region, and in particular ' gooseberies, strawberies, hindberies, 
rasberies, and a kind of red wine-beries.'" ! 
Storm gives, however, further evidence that a true Grape has been 
more recently found near Annapolis and Pictou, Nova Scotia. But 
outside this evidence, based not upon actual specimens preserved in 
public herbaria, but chiefly upon somewhat traditional statements, we 
are unable to find any record which can positively be associated with 
the Grape (Vitis) in Nova Scotia? There are four native Grapes 
recognized in New England and the Maritime Provinces. One, Vitis 
Labrusca, which has given rise to many of our table grapes, occurs in 
thickets and upon stone-walls, etc., abundantly southward, but locally 
northeastward along the coast as far as the mouth of the Kennebec. 
Vitis aestivalis and V. bicolor are species of rocky woodlands, reaching 
their northeastern limits in the interior of southern New Hampshire. 
Vitis vulpina is chiefly a river-bank species, known from all the larger 
river-valleys of New England, but not definitely known east of the 
St. John valley in New Brunswick, where it is rare and found only in 
the interior. As indicated by these ranges and as stated above, the 
evidence of Wild Grapes in Nova Scotia is not wholly convincing to a 
botanist. In fact, Professor L. H. Bailey, in his treatment of the 
genus Vitis in North America, makes no mention of the Nova Scotia 
reports.* 
Furthermore, the mention by Sir William Alexander of “red wine- 
1 Gustav Storm, Studies on the Vineland Voyages, 45, 46 (1889). 
? See Macoun, Catalogue of Canadian Plants, i. 97 (1883). 
3 See L. H. Bailey in Gray, Synoptical Flora of North America, i, pt. 1, 422 (1897). 
