52 Rhodora [Marcu 
western corner of the Labrador Peninsula — Seven Islands, Saguenay 
Co., Quebee (C. B. Robinson, no. 839) — are apparently the same; 
and material from near Cape Horn in the alpine region of Mt. Wash- 
ington, New Hampshire, though having the spikes slightly longer 
(2-4 cm. long) and thus approaching the commoner 1-spiked plant 
of the East, has the peduncles only 0.7-2.5 em. long. In these plants 
from the mountains of Yukon and British Columbia, from Saguenay 
County, Quebec, and the alpine region of Mt. Washington, as well as 
in those cited by Harper from Yukon, the Saskatchewan, and Lake 
Superior, we have a series of specimens from subarctic and alpine 
regions which agree closely with the original description of var. mono- 
stachyon from “the Rocky Mountains north of the Smoking River, in 
lat. 56°,” with the “peduncle scarcely more than an inch in length.” 
On a sheet of mixed specimens in the Gray Herbarium, showing varia- 
tions of L. clavatum from Ajan (Ayan) on the Ochotsk Sea (Regel & 
Tiling, no. 343),' are plants with peduncles 1.5-2.5 em. long and spikes 
3.5-4 em. in length, thus indicating that var. monostachyon occurs also 
in northeastern Asia. Another specimen on this sheet has elongate 
slender peduncles but is not satisfactorily referable either to var. 
monostachyon or its commoner representative of eastern America. 
The common 1-spiked plant of eastern America, which is familiar 
to practically every field-botanist of New England and the Maritime 
Provinces, has very long peduncles and very long spikes. Measure- 
ments of the more than 50 specimens studied show the mature spikes - 
of this plant to range from 3.5-11 cm. long, and the peduncles from 
4.5-15 cm. long. This plant with long peduncles and spikes does 
not occur in the arctic-alpine areas, but is abundant throughout the 
cooler forested country from the North Shore of the St. Lawrence, the 
Gaspé Peninsula of Quebec, and Cape Breton Island to Vermont, 
western Massachusetts, and western and southern Connecticut, and it 
extends locally westward to Michigan. Although occasionally bearing 
a few peduncles with 2 large spikes,? in subalpine situations rarely 
having peduncles only 2—4 em. long, and in its appressed leaves and 
rigid habit approached by exceptional colonies of L. clavatum (when 
the latter grows in exposed or very sunny situations), the plant is 
ordinarily so strongly marked by its appressed leaves, rigid habit, and 
long-peduncled large solitary spikes, as to be accepted by all who are 
! See Regel & Tiling, Fl. Ajan. 127 (1858). 
? See B, L. Robinson, Ruopora, iii, 237 (1901) 
