104 Rhodora [JUNE 
County and adjacent New Brunswick, taking the place in this region 
of the Orange Hawkweed, Hieracium aurantiacum L., which has 
overrun fields of central and southern Maine but which is just entering 
the Passamaquoddy Bay region. In many damp fields and in road- 
side-ditches and thickets was a narrow-leaved Dock with stout bluntish 
columns of pale green, finally brownish, fruits. ‘This was the only 
Dock abundant in the area and though it was clearly Rumex Patientia 
L. (supposed to be introduced) it often seemed as if quite as native 
as the scarcer and later-flowering R. Britannica L. of the swamps. 
The development of these easternmost towns of Maine somewhat 
apart from the more westerly sections of New England is shown not 
only in the almost exclusive interest of the people of the coastal towns 
in the packing of sardines (or * near" sardines) or of the people of 
Calais in lumbering, but in the absence of many of our common weeds 
and other introduced plants and the presence of others (besides those 
noted above) unfamiliar in southern New England. ‘Thus our com- 
mon Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scopoli, Ranunculus bulbosus L., 
Chelidonium majus L., Trifolium agrarium L., and Daucus Carota 
L. are unknown or exceedingly rare, while Alopecurus geniculatus L., 
Brassica alba (L.) Boiss., Trifolium procumbens L., Carum Carvi L., 
Matricaria inodora L. and M. Chamomilla L., var. coronata (J. Gay) 
Cosson & Germain (see below) are among the commonest weeds. 
And though in most regions of New England the common planted 
willow is Salix alba, S. fragilis or one of their varieties or hybrids, or 
in other districts S. viminalis, in the region from Pembroke to East- 
port and Lubec the common planted willow of the roadsides, now 
escaped and thoroughly established in thickets, is the European 5. 
Smithiana Willd., a handsome species (or perhaps hybrid) with the 
lanceolate to oblong rugulose entire leaves satiny beneath. 
Though in its general flora characteristically Canadian in type, the 
eastern section of Washington County presents two striking departures 
from the typical Canadian vegetation. These departures are singu- 
larly enough toward opposite extremes. As already emphasized by 
Dr. Kennedy in his notes on some of the plants of Cutler, there are 
many subarctic plants upon the outer coast east of Machias Bay, 
from which point “to Quoddy Head, a distance of about 25 miles, we 
have a bold shore with a full east exposure, open ocean, treacherous 
currents, and much fog. It is the entrance to the Bay of Fundy and 
from fifteen to twenty miles off shore lies Grand Manan Island with its 
