1910] Fernald and Wiegand,— Botanizing in Maine 105 
cliffs and fog. The Bay of Fundy, some sixty miles wide at its mouth, 
extends one hundred and fifty miles northeasterly, and uninfluenced by 
warmer currents from the southern ocean areas, maintains its well- 
earned reputation as a cold wet sea"! In the humus and heathy turf 
at the crests of these outer sea-cliffs and extending up Passamaquoddy 
Bay often as far as the eastern crests of Moose Island occur several 
plants which, though known slightly south of this area, are decidedly 
more Common on the coasts of Newfoundland or Labrador. Among 
such plants are Juniperus horizontalis Moench, which was found ex- 
tending up the Bay to one of the outer points in Pembroke and which 
follows the coast at least to southern Maine; Iris setosa Pall., var. 
canadensis Foster (I. Hookeri Penny), first noted in the United States 
at Cutler? but now known to extend south on the outer coast and 
islands to Great Cranberry Isle;* Amelanchier oligocarpa ( Mich.) 
Roem., in 1909 remarkably loaded with plump juicy fruit; Empetrum 
nigrum L., wherever there is a good carpet of humus or peat; Coelo- 
pleurum actaeifolium (Michx.) C. & R., either on the crests, slopes or 
beaches; Solidago macrophylla Pursh, in half-shade; and Euphrasia 
Randii Robinson, with tiny, striped lilac or crimson flowers. In the 
more sterile places where the humus is thin and dry, as on Dog Island 
off Eastport or in spots on West Quoddy Head, Euphrasia Randit, 
var. Farlowii Robinson abounds and we were glad of several opportuni- 
ties to contrast the two extremes of the species. It was while thus 
occupied on Dog Island, a small bare islet which is connected at low 
tide with Moose Island, that we had a memorable experience with the 
tremendous tide of these waters. We had left our rücksacks on the 
beach of Moose Island several feet above the water and walked dry- 
‘shod across to Dog Island where we were soon absorbed in gathering 
and examining the local Euphrasia. Suddenly looking up we saw our 
riicksacks nearly afloat, a swift current three feet deep rushing between 
us and the opposite shore, and large vessels which five minutes before 
had been making good headway down the Bay swept swiftly up the 
Bay by the rush of the incoming tide. Our collecting boxes and 
riicksacks (containing lunch) were soon to be overcome by the waters 
when a canoe with four Passamaquoddy Indians came in sight and 
saved us from our humble situation. But to return to the subarctic 
1G. G. Kennedy, l. c. 23. 
2 See Kennedy, RHODORA, iv. 24 (1902); J. F. Collins, ibid, 179. 
3 E. L. Shaw, RHODORA, x. 145 (1908). 
