106 Rhodora [JUNE 
vegetation. In a rill trickling over one of the basaltic cliffs at Cutler 
Montia lamprosperma Cham. (see below) has been found, though 
in two hurried days along the Lubec shore we did not notice it. But 
on the sheer cold cliffs, below the humus-capped crests, were plants 
familiar at Cutler, such as Sagina nodosa (L.) Fenzl (typical)! and 
Sedum roseum (L.) Scop., and the rather ornamental annual Senecio 
sylvaticas L., which, though supposed to be introduced from Europe, 
avoids in a most remarkable way the cultivated areas in which the 
related S. vulgaris L. abounds. On the Nova Scotia coast of the Bay 
of Fundy and along the Maine coast as far south as the mouth of the 
Kennebec S. sylvaticus is a characteristic plant of rock-crevices, abound- 
ing particularly on the cold basaltic and granitic sea-cliffs. 
In the heaths or raised peatbogs which abound close to the sea 
in this outermost coastal strip of eastern Maine are many other sub- 
arctic plants which disappear abruptly when we go inland only a short 
distance — often only a few rods — from the shores of the Bay of 
Fundy or the Atlantic. The heath-formation occurs not only in de- 
pressions or on plains where the close carpet of Sphagnum, Empetrum, 
&c. arches toward the center into a low dome, but in many places near 
the sea this heath- or bog-vegetation climbs the rocky hummocks and 
slopes, thus forming a continuous undulating or even abruptly sloping 
boggy carpet such as is familiar in the alpine regions of many of our 
mountains. A very characteristic example of this type was explored 
at the base of West Quoddy Head, Lubec, where the coastal edge of 
the bog (along Passamaquoddy Bay) forms a dark brown escarpment 
visible for some distance up the Bay, suggesting that the bog may 
have had a history similar to that of the Wood's Hole bog recently 
described by Mr. H. H. Bartlett? Practically all the vascular plants 
of this Quoddy Head heath were such as one would expect above tree- 
line on Mt. Katahdin or Mt. Washington or in the subarctic tundra of 
Labrador — Scirpus caespitosus L., Carex pauciflora Lightf., Comandra 
livida Richardson, Rubus Chamaemorus L., Empetrum nigrum L., 
Vaccinium pennsylvanicum Lam., var. angustifolium (Ait.) Gray, 
Aster radula Ait., var. strictus (Pursh) Gray, etc.— but the most con- 
spicuous plant at the time of our visit was Gaylussacia dumosa (Andr.) 
T. & G., forming dense depressed shrubs only 1 or 2 decimeters high, 
closely embedded in the Sphagnum, and loaded with beautiful white 
1 See Kennedy, l. c. 24. 
2 RHODORA, xi. 221-235 (1909). 
