108 Rhodora [JUNE 
Inland from the subarctic coastal belt of vegetation, the flora, as 
already stated, is chiefly of the Canadian type; but near the heads of 
the shallower and warmer estuaries and in the valley of the St. Croix 
River some southern plants which seemed singularly out of place and 
others which there approach or perhaps attain their eastern limits 
were found. ‘Thus, along the St..Croix above Calais, for example, ` 
Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. (which extends into southern New 
Brunswick), Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. (extending also to the 
lower St. John), Cornus Amomum Mill., Viburnum dentatum L., 
and Cephalanthus occidentalis L. are close neighbors of the northern 
Carex chordorhiza L. f. which above Milltown literally covers the river- 
meadow and there attains one of its southern limits. At Princeton the 
large yellow-flowered Water Crowfoot, Ranunculus delphinifolius 
Torr. carpets a mill-pond. On a sandy plain in Charlotte various 
southern types were seen, among them Oenothera cruciata Nutt., 
previously unknown east of the Penobscot valley, Lechea intermedia 
Leggett, and various species of Panicum; and in the sandy margin of 
Round Pond in Charlotte Xyris caroliniana Walt., reaches its eastern- 
most known limit. In warm or sheltered situations in Pembroke other 
southern types were seen: Carex albolutescens Schwein. in rocky 
woods, C. pennsylvanica Lam., var. lucorum (Willd.) Fernald carpeting 
the sunny slope of an esker, C. umbellata Schkuhr, var. tonsa Fernald 
in profusion on a dry southerly slope, Amelanchier canadensis (L.) 
Medic., var. tomentula Sargent! on a dry ridge, Pedicularis cana- 
densis L. in oak woods, Antennaria Parlinii Fernald beneath Sugar 
Maples; and in a sterile meadow a profusion of Oenothera fruticosa 
L., var. hirsuta Nutt., in full flower, as the splendid climax of a rainy 
day which had already shown us Juncus dichotomus Ell., var. platy- 
phyllus Wiegand (extended northeastward from York and Cumber- 
land Counties) growing in a swamp near where the rigid densely 
bunched Juncus Vaseyi Engelm. attains one of its southernmost 
known stations. 
The distribution of Oenothera fruticosa and its var. hirsuta in Maine 
is not well understood. Various reports of O. fruticosa in the state 
have been based upon large forms of O. pumila L. and there is no 
positive evidence of the typical O. fruticosa in Maine. The var. 
hirsuta grows in profusion in open woods on the warm gravelly slope 
1 See Ruopora, xi. 47 (1909). 
