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a 
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1911] Nichols,— Notes on Connecticut Mosses,— II 41 
though recognized by Bruch and Schimper ! and the Lesquereux and 
James Manual ? the first full account of this plant is given by Renauld 
and Cardot? These authors show that the name D. condensatum 
Hedw., by which the species has frequently been designated, cannot 
be retained, since upon examination the material on which Hedwig's 
observations * were based was found to consist of three distinct spe- 
cies: D. scoparium forma, D. Muhlenbeckii (?), and D. sabuletorum. 
Both his description and figures, however, apply to the two species 
first mentioned, and not at all to the last. It is obvious that Hedwig 
had at best but a vague idea of the present species. Bruch and 
Schimper, in an incidental note, mention “ D. pallidum” as a species 
closely resembling D. Muhlenbeckii, but no description is given. D. 
sabuletorum differs from D. spurium principally in its narrower leaves, 
which are smooth or only slightly papillose and not undulate. It 
ranges from Newfoundland and Ontario to the Gulf States, being 
more common southward. Although usually restricted to low, 
sandy coastal regions, it has been collected as far inland as Wisconsin 
(True) and Missouri (Bush). The spores mature in spring. 
DicRANUM MvnurENBECKI Br. € Sch. On rocks, earth, and old 
logs, usually in elevated regions. Collected on West Rock, New 
Haven, by Prof. O. D. Allen (1879). Determined by Dr. A. J. Grout. 
Known also from Vermont (Eggleston). As already noted, this 
species bears a strong likeness to D. sabuletorum. Both grow in 
more or less compact tufts. D. Muhlenbeckii may be distinguished 
by the less strongly porose walls of the upper leaf cells and the smooth 
leaves, as well as by the season of fruiting — the spores mature in 
August or September. The West Rock specimens are sterile, but it 
fruits copiously in certain localities. It is widely distributed through- 
out northern North America, from Quebec to Yukon Territory, 
extending south to Alabama and New Mexico; more common west- 
ward; Europe; Asia. 
The only Connecticut Dicranum thus far recorded with which the 
two species above listed might be confused is D. scoparium. In this 
species the leaves are usually secund and the upper leaf cells are elon- 
gated, while in both D. sabuletorum and D. Muhlenbeckii the leaves are 
1 Bryologia Europea 1:39. 1836-1851. 
* Mosses of North America. 76. 1884. 
? Bot. Gaz. 14 : 91, 92. pl. 12 A. 1889; Rev. Bryol. 16: 10, 11. 1889. See 
also Cardot, Bull. Herb. Boissier 7 : 308-311. 1899. 
t Species Muscorum 1 : 139. pl. 34. 1801. 
