1911] Woodward,— Some Plants of Eastern Connecticut 69 
of April and in early May C. umbellata is common on the central 
hills of the town.- A brief search will reveal its presence in any dry 
pasture. Two years ago I collected it from several fields, supposing 
that I had the species, and I was much surprised recently, on com- 
paring the plant with specimens from the trap ridges about New 
Haven, to find that my Franklin specimens are all the variety brev- 
rostris. While one cannot assume that the early Carex so abundant 
on the dry hills of Franklin consists wholly, or mainly, of this variety, 
yet the variety certainly grows in many places, and it seems worth 
while to record a station so far south of the ordinary range of the 
plant, which has been supposed to have its southern limit with us in 
Northern New England. 
Carex debilis Rudgei X virescens. 1 collected this Carex in a dry 
pasture in Franklin in 1904, and have either collected or observed it 
at the same station every summer since. In 1910 I collected it in 
New Haven, where it was growing beside C. virescens, which had 
reached about the same stage of development at the time of the first 
collection in early June. In general aspect this hybrid at once sug- 
gests C. debilis Rudgei, and culms, sheaths and leaves are glabrous 
as in this species, or merely puberulent, especially the sheaths, but 
the spikes, which are shorter stalked, more erect, narrower, much 
more compact and with much shorter perigynia, than in C. debilis 
Rudgei, indicate the other parent. In the Franklin specimens, the 
glabrous, nerveless or faintly nerved, abruptly short beaked, oblong- 
elliptic perigynia are, on the average, 3.8 mm. long and 1.5 mm. 
broad. The perigynia of the New Haven plants are 0.3 mm. longer, 
and taper gradually to the beak, conforming in outline more to those 
of C. debilis Rudgei. In both plants the scales suggest the one parent 
in their tawny color, and the other in their acute or accuminate 
form. The New Haven plants showed great vigor, and were green 
and fresh and holding their fruit well on August 20, in spite of a dry 
location and an abnormally dry season — characters which point 
to C. virescens, it being a frequent experience of collectors to find this 
species growing on in full vigor after most other species of Carex have 
dried and cast their fruit. 
Carex cephaloidea Dewey. So far as my experience goes, this 
species is seldom found in abundance at its stations, but there are 
several fields in Franklin, where it is an important constituent of 
the hay crop. In open, dry situations it is not always easy to recog- 
