1911] Fernald,— Expedition to Newfoundland 111 
local on the island — Claytonia caroliniana from a mountain side 
south of the Great Cod Roy River; Dryopteris fragrans from Cairn 
Mountain; Epilobium latifolium from Flat Bay Brook and Grand 
Lake — and several which were surely misidentified.! Dr. Robert 
Bell’s collections made in southeastern Newfoundland in 1885 were 
the basis of a list (102 vascular plants) by Professor John Macoun2 
The largest collections made upon the island by a resident were those 
of the late Rev. Arthur C. Waghorne who in his missionary work 
travelled widely and is now remembered at many of the fishing ports 
of both Newfoundland and Labrador, where he often dried his pressing 
papers by the kitchen fires. Mr. Waghorne collected rather exten- 
sively and his specimens (poorly prepared and labeled in a crabbed and 
often illegible hand and determined with varying degrees of accuracy) 
are found in several of our larger herbaria, but the major part of his 
collections are now deposited with the Geological Survey of Newfound- 
land. Toward the end of his life Mr. Waghorne had issued three 
parts (Polypetalae and Gamopetalae) of his Flora of Newfoundland, 
Labrador and St. Pierre et Miquelon’ 
Of a more satisfactory character both as to specimens and determi- 
nations are the large collections of the past two decades made by three 
parties of American botanists. In 1894 Drs. Benjamin L. Robinson 
and Hermann von Schrenk spent the summer collecting in the Avalon 
Peninsula, with a short side trip to the lower Exploits River. Upon 
their extensive collections they based a 29 page report published in 
1896.4 In 1901 the New York Botanical Garden sent an expedition 
to Newfoundland. The members of the party, Messrs. C. D. Howe 
and W. F. Lang, were algologists but they supplemented their col- 
lections of Algae by a large series of vascular plants. So far as I am 
1 Dr. Bell's Vallisneria spiralis which the waves ‘‘rolled in quantities” on the beach 
of Bay St. George was certainly Zostera marina, his Viburnum Lentago must have 
been the common V. cassinoides which he does not mention, his Cirsium pumilum from 
“The Gravels" was undoubtedly a form of C. muticum (probably var. monticola 
which is common in western Newfoundland), his Aspidium marginale from Bay of 
Islands was unquestionably the there common A. Filiz-mas; and there is grave 
doubt of the occurrence in Newfoundland of such plants, mentioned by him, as As- 
plenium thelypteroides, Salix petiolaris, Betula lenta, Thalictrum dioicum, Lonicera 
oblongifolia, and Viburnum acerifolium. 
*John Macoun: List of Plants collected in Newfoundland in 1885 by Dr. Robert 
Bell. Geol. Surv. Can., Ann. Rep. n. s., i. 21-25 D D (1886). 
* Waghorne, Trans. Nova Scotia Inst. Sci., ser. 2. i. 359-375 (1893), ii. 17-34 
(1895), ii. 361-401 (1898). 
‘Robinson and von Schrenk: Notes upon the Flora of Newfoundland, Can. Rec. 
Sci. vii. 3-31 (1896). 
