146 Rhodora [JULY 
abound on the west side of the Gulf of St. Lawrence shows clearly 
how ineffective have been the waters of the Gulf in transport- 
ing plants from Anticosti, the Gaspé Peninsula, New Brunswick and 
Cape Breton to the Newfoundland shores. Even the current of the 
gigantic lower St. Lawrence River has been surprisingly ineffective 
in this transportation, for not only do the 340 typical Canadian plants 
which are unknown in Newfoundland nearly all occur along the lower 
St. Lawrence whence, theoretically, their seeds, fruits or other frag- 
ments might be washed to the Newfoundland side of the Gulf; but of 
the 274 species which comprise our Class III, the Southwestern plants, 
not any of those which grow along the upper St. Lawrence but are 
unknown in easternmost Quebec show, so far as indicated by my 
daily recorded observations for many summers on the lower St. 
Lawrence, any evidence of extending their ranges from their continu- 
ous areas of distribution to points farther down the river. Many other 
plants, furthermore, such as Dryopteris cristata, Pinus resinosa, Carex 
vulpinoidea, Juncus tenuis, Salix humilis, Spiraea latifolia, Rosa 
virginiana, Ilex verticillata, Hypericum boreale, H. virginicum, Aralia 
hispida, Sium cicutaefolium, Cornus circinata, Pyrola americana, 
Scutellaria galericulata, Chelone glabra, Viburnum cassinoides, and 
Solidago rugosa, while extending in a comparatively solid phalanx 
across New England and southern Quebec as far east as Temiscouata, 
Rimouski or western Matane County, where the St. Lawrence has 
become sea-like and decidedly saline, have failed to find successful 
anchorage farther down the St. Lawrence, along the north shore of 
the Gaspé Peninsula or on Anticosti Island, although many of them 
extend northward along the coast from eastern New Brunswick to the 
north shore of the Baie des Chaleurs. This fact is further emphasized 
by an examination of Dr. Schmitt's catalogue of the vascular plants 
of Anticosti,’ which enumerates a large number of species but, with 
the possible exception of Diervilla Lonicera, not one of them such as 
seem to have been stranded on the island from areas far up the St. 
Lawrence. It is thus apparent that, although our small rivers are 
! See A. T. Drummond: Currents and Temperatures in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. 
Can. Rec. Sci., vii. 54 (1896). 
? Schmitt, Monographie de l'ile d'Anticosti, 159—234 (1904). 
3 Schmitt's Ranunculus Harieyi, Thalictrum divicum [dioicum], T. purpurascens, 
and Viola rostrata are unquestionably listed though errors of determination, since these 
are all plants of far more southern or inland areas. His Ranunculus Harveyi (real 
R. Harveyi is confined to Missouri and Arkansas) is possibly R. Allenii Robinson; his 
