i E a ASA yl E. Hr x 4o 
TERME 
1911] Blanchard,— Lycopodium flabelliforme 171 
Not all of the upright parts of these plants ever fructify in either 
species. Those that do not and which in consequence are often called 
sterile, continue to increase in the same manner as at first, the fifth 
year’s growth of L. flabelliforme being a duplication of the second, 
etc. The others which by contrast may be called fertile when three 
or four years old make a change. In L. flabelliforme half of the first 
forking of each branch instead of forking again and again, develops 
into a broad stem-like segment often one half of an inch high (1.2 em.) 
from which the next season the stout peduncle ascends. From this 
time on the energy of the plant is put into fruiting and the branches, 
now reduced to one-half of their former breadth, become smaller 
and smaller in each year’s addition, giving the fertile upright parts, 
or " plants” conical appearance while the sterile ones appear cylindri- 
cal. Sometimes the fruiting is from the second or even the third fork- 
ing but not often. In L. complanatum the fruiting is from the second 
forking generally, but often from the third, and as might be supposed 
the branch end from which arises the slender peduncle is little or 
no different in appearance from the others, and the fertile and sterile 
branches are not noticeably different except, as has been stated 
already, that the fruiting parts more or less entire always remain, 
but unlike those of L. flabelliforme these are not conspicuous. 
Both species are often 12 inches (3 dm.) high ‘‘over all.” If L. 
complanatum had the stout, erect stem of L. flabelliforme it would 
be much taller. The extreme age any of the upright stems attain 
is problematical, perhaps ten years. I have had a pretty intimate 
acquaintance with L. flabelliforme for at least ten years, but not till 
1909 did I get acquainted with L. complanatum. My specimens 
which I have used in the preparation of this paper and which I col- 
lected very carefully and deliberately and in goodly numbers, given 
in a thin hard woods in Caribou, Maine, in the latitude of Quebec, 
46° 50’. 
I assume that our American form of L. complanatum is the same as 
the European, but I am not sure. Then again there may be other 
species sheltered under that name. Two have now been segregated 
and in.my northern searches for Rubus I saw some forms of L. compla- 
natum which I did not carefully examine but which I suspect were at 
least not typical. 
WESTMINSTER, VERMONT. 
