1911] Bartlett,— Gynodioecism in Plantago lanceolata 203 
were exceedingly long and plumose, so that the spikes looked like 
bearded wheat. This extreme condition was temporary, however, for 
as soon as the 1st form hermaphrodites in the fields commenced to 
yield plenty of pollen, the stigmas did not grow so long. Yet the 
character of long stigmas is by no means altogether circumstantial. 
It is often seen in pistillate plants which are growing in colonies where 
pollen is abundantly available. It may likewise be shown to occur 
rarely in the 1st form hermaphrodite, and more commonly in the 
gynomonoecious types, by examining the length which the stigmas 
attain before the lowermost flowers of a spike mature their stamens. 
On the other hand, pistillate types occur in which the stigmas are very 
short indeed. The long- or short-stigma character may occur in com- 
bination with any set of stamen characters. 
All the seed matured by the original plant of the 2d form hermaphro- 
dite found in 1910 were saved and f 
planted. No effort was made to H 
guard pollination. Doubtless the ; 
stigmas were pollinated by the Ist 
form hermaphrodite, for the plumose 
styles of one spike were examined and 
found to be amply supplied with the 
large pollen of the 1st form while the 
anthers of the 2d form were drying up 
without having dehisced. 
_ The seed were planted in four lots: 
Ist lot. 25 seeds from the first 
three spikes to mature, planted in 
August in unsterilized garden soil 
taken from below the surface. Plants 
1 to 9. 
2d lot. Seed from the last three 
spikes to mature. If there were any 
self-pollinated seed (which is very im- 
probable) they would have been in 
this lot, for at the time the spikes 
flowered the mother plant was isolated in the green-house, and there 
were very few plants in bloom out doors. Planted in October in clean 
white sand.— 17 plants, nos. 10 to 26. 
3d lot. Seed from spikes which flowered in the garden during the 
Fig. 3.  Plantago lanceolata. 
Flower of pistillate form. 
