244 Rhodora [DECEMBER 
much confusion in the exact interpretation of Dewey’s types and 
consequently in the statements of which one is C. helodes, which C. 
Hornschuchiana — a perplexity to which Dewey himself contributed 
not a little. In 1845, in Wood's Class Book, Dewey included both 
C. binervis and C. Greeniana with the statement that the latter “Re- 
sembles C. pelva, Good. [misprint for C. fulva], but differs in its fruit 
and glume.” This statement (with C. pelva corrected to C. fulva) 
was repeated in subsequent issues of Wood's Class Book until 1861, 
when Dewey reversed the treatment,” changing to C. fulva Good. with 
the synonym “C. binervis Ed. 1,” and C. laevigata Smith with the 
synonym “ C. Greeniana Ed. 1” and the statement, “This and the 
last probably introduced from Eur." 
Torrey, in his Monograph of the North American Cyperaceae,’ fol- 
lowed Dewey’s original publication; but Carey, in Gray’s Manual,* 
taking his cue possibly from Dewey's statement in the early editions 
of Wood's Class Book, made C. binervis Dew., not Smith = C. laevigata 
Smith from “Massachusetts (Tewksbury? B. D. Greene): probably 
introduced”; while C. Greeniana Dew. was reduced to C. fulva and 
said to come from a “ Pond at Tewksbury.” 
In the 2nd edition of the Manual however, Carey also reversed his 
treatment ê and made C. Greeniana (not C. binervis Dew.) synonymous 
with C. laevigata, and C. binervis Dew. synonymous with C. fulva; 
and this understanding of the matter was followed through the three 
succeeding editions of the Manual. In his monumental Illustrations 
of the Genus Carex, Francis Boott* treated C. Greeniana Dew. as 
identical with C. fulva, and C. binervis Dewey as identical with C. 
laevigata; and Bailey, in his Preliminary Synopsis of N orth American 
Carices,’ followed Francis Boott and the earlier statements of Dewey 
in Wood's Class Book in treating C. Greeniana as C. fulva; and in a 
recent paper upon Newfoundland, Professor Wiegand and the writer,* 
relying upon Boott's Illustrations and Bailey's Synopsis, spoke of 
C. Greeniana Dewey as probably a form of C. Hornschuchiana Hoppe 
(C. fulva Auct.). In discussing the Newfoundland and Anticosti 
1 Dewey in Wood, Cl. Bk. 424 (1845). 
2 Dewey in Wood, Cl. Bk. 764 (1861). 
3 Torr. Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y. iii. 423, 424 (1836). 
1 Carey in Gray, Man. 559 (1848). 
5 Carey, 1. c. ed. 2, 528 (1856). 
* Boott, Ill. Car. iv. 137, 163 (1867). 
7 Bailey, Proc. Am. Acad. xxii. 112 (1886). 
8 Fernald & Wiegand in Fernald, Ruopona, xiii, 130 (1911). 
