142 Rhodora [JULY 
young, unfolding with the flowers, at first densely pale-flavescent- 
tomentose beneath, at length pale green and glabrous or nearly so 
except usually the petioles, and slightly glaucous; veins in average 
leaves 9-13 pairs, conspicuous, ascending, the upper especially so, 
close together, slightly more arching and slightly less regular than in 
A. sanguinea, mostly forking and becoming indistinct before reaching 
the margin; mature petioles 8-20 mm. long: flowers small and num- 
erous in rather dense terminal and lateral upright racemes (about 
4-5 cm. long); pedicels and axis silky-tomentose, lower pedicels 
8-17 mm. long, in fruit 10-20 (25) mm. long: petals obovate-oblong, 
broad for the length (7-10 mm. by 4-5 mm.), broadest just above 
the middle: hypanthium saucer-shaped, about 4 mm. in diameter, 
constricted below on the young fruit and then quite prominent, 
tomentose outside or becoming glabrate toward the summit: sepals 
short, triangular-lanceolate or ovate, 2-4 mm. long, revolute from 
the middle when the petals fall, usually hairy on both sides: ovary 
densely woolly at the summit: fruit almost black, glaucous, sweet, 
juicy and agreeable. Fics. 2 A-G. 
Flowers appearing with those of A. sanguinea, about 10-14 days 
later than A. canadensis; fruit maturing in August. Dry open rocky 
or gravelly soil in calcareous districts; Vermont and Ontario to New 
York, Ohio, Nebraska, and Minnesota, and apparently northwestward 
to Mackenzie. 
This species differs from A. sanguinea in its low stature, stoloni- 
ferous growth, blunter leaves, lower, blunter and more ascending teeth, 
less straight and less parallel veins which do not run directly to the 
teeth, upright dense woolly racemes, smaller flowers on shorter pedi- 
cels with shorter and broader sepals and petals, and slightly deeper, 
narrower hypanthium. The hypanthium of A. sanguinea is almost 
rotate, while that of A. humilis is deeply saucer-shaped. 
A. humilis is always low, and, so far as the writer can learn, always 
has the peculiar “stoloniferous” habit above described. The roots 
or stems just at the surface of the ground or slightly below extend hori- 
zontally a short distance in a very irregular fashion and then send up 
strictly erect branched aerial shoots. The result is a “patch” of 
plants often covering a square meter or more with the aerial stems 
equally distributed over that area. The writer is acquainted with this 
species on the shores of Cayuga Lake in Central New York, where it 
forms patches on the crests of the driest calcareous cliffs along the 
lake, and where it is exposed to full sunlight. Writing of this species, 
presumably, Mr. Herbert Groh! says: “Each patch is some square 
1Ont. Nat. Sci. Bull. (No. 6, p. 52, 1910.) 
