1912] Wiegand,— Amelanchier in eastern North America 153 
times recklessly cut down to obtain it.” Whether this difference of 
opinion is due to a confusion of A. canadensis, A. laevis, and A. oblongi- 
folia is an interesting question. Wangenheim: in writing of Pyrus 
Botryapium in “New York Province,” says of the fruit (translated): 
“The dark-carmine-red round-oval fruit is ripe toward the end of June 
— the flesh that surrounds these [seeds] is whitish, of sour taste, and 
serves only for the food of birds." His P. Botryapium was described 
as hairy when young, and was probably, in the main, A. canadensis. 
The relation of the arborescent and shrubby forms of this species is 
perplexing. In Central New York the writer has found the arbores- 
cent form more common in the open, and the small shrubby form 
more common in the woods or on cliffs. The more tree-like plants 
frequently have a very short trunk, or if the trunk is longer, it is 
irregular and the branches are frequently turned more to one side, 
so that the transition to the smaller plants is not as abrupt as would 
at first appear. The two, obviously intergrade. The shrubby 
individuals, which may have several stems from the base, suggest 
A. oblongifolia, but the tops are bushy and spreading, thus giving 
a more umbrella-type of growth than the fastigiate habit of A. oblongi- 
folia. The leaves on the shrubby form are usually more or less un- 
folded at the time of flowering, while on most of the trees they have 
scarcely emerged from the bud-scales when the tree is in full bloom. 
These forms are probably ecological. 
The following typical specimens have been examined. Marne: — 
Washington Co. rocky woods, West Pembroke, July, 1909, Fernald & 
Wiegand (Fernald, no. 1885). New Hampsatre: — Sullivan Co. 
Sumner’s Falls, Plainfield, July, 1900, Eggleston, no. 1959. VERMONT: 
— Rutland Co. Noyes Swamp, Pittsford, May, 1899, Eggleston, no. 
1183; Twin Mountain, West Rutland, July, 1900, Eggleston. Mass- 
ACHUSETTS: — Franklin Co. sandy thicket near Miller’s Falls, May, 
1911, Fernald. Connecticut: — New Haven Co. Middlebury, 
April & July, 1896, W. M. Shepardson. ONTARIO: —Shore of Lake 
Ontario, Canada, 1891, J. Dearners: Welland Co. Niagara, May, 
1901, J. Macoun, no. 34296. New Yorx:— Tompkins Co. dry 
banks, Ithaca, 1873 & 1882 Dudley, 1896 Wiegand. PENNSYLVANIA: 
Lehigh Co. June, 1878, A. F. K. Krout; 1911 H. W. Pretz, nos. 
3188, 3251, 3403: Monroe Co. August, 1911, Bayard Long, no. 6586: 
Philadelphia Co., June, 1908, S. S. VanPelt: Pike Co., Blooming 
Grove, May, 1891, 4nna M. Vail: Alleghany Co. Harrison Township, 
1893, A. Koenig. West Viretnta:— Upshur Co. Bucklin, 1895, 
1 Beitrag z. teutsch. Forstwiss.; Anpf. Nordam. Holza. p. 90 (1787). 
