1912] Evans, — Notes on New England Hepaticae,—X 221 
According to Maevicar! C. bifida should include C. Hampeana 
(Nees) Schiffn. as a synonym, but both Schiffner and Douin advocate 
keeping them apart, at least tentatively. The species shares with 
C. Hampeana its autoicous inflorescence, its bifid leaves with entire 
lobes and its sparingly dentate or subentire bracts and bracteoles. 
The leaves, however, as Schiffner points out, are smaller than those 
of C. Hampeana, the lobes are narrower, being usually only four cells 
wide at the base, the sinus is also narrower because the lobes spread 
less widely, and the leaf-cells have thicker walls. Whether the plant 
is actually the same as Jungermannia bifida Schreb. is perhaps doubt- 
ful. Lindberg considered that they were probably identical but did 
not state that he had examined an authentic specimen of Schreber’s 
plant. This was described and figured from German specimens, 
but although the original account indicates a species of Cephaloziella, it 
does not point to any definite species with certainty. The synonymy 
of the plant, on the whole, is in need of further elucidation. 
9. CEPHALOZIELLA BYSSACEA (Roth) Warnst. Kryptogamenfl. 
der Mark Brandenburg 1: 224.. 1902. Jungermannia byssacea 
Roth, Fl. Germ. 3': 307. 1800. J. divaricata Smith; Sowerby, Eng. 
Bot. pl. 719. 1800. Cephalozia byssacea Dumort. Recueil d’Obs. 
sur les Jung. 18. 1835. Jungermannia Starkii Nees, Naturgeschichte 
der europ. Leberm. 2: 223. 1836. Cephalozia Stark Dumort.; 
Cogniaux, Bull. Soc. roy. Bot. de Belgique 10: 285. 1872. Cepha- 
lozia divaricata Dumort. Hep. Europ. 89. 1874. C. divaricata, 
B Stark? Spruce, On Cephalozia 64. 1882. Cephaloziella divaricata 
Schiffn.; Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 13: 99. 1895. Ce- 
phaloziella Starki? Schiffn. Lotos 48: 341. 1900. On rocks, banks, 
sandy earth, and rotten logs. New Hampshire; Lower Greeley Pond, 
Waterville (M?ss Lorenz). Massachusetts: Gloucester (W. G. Farlow); 
Saugus (C. G. Kingman). Connecticut: New Haven (J. A. Allen); 
East Haven, North Haven, and Ledyard (A. W. E.); Vernon (G. E. 
Nichols). The East Haven specimens were distributed in Underwood 
& Cook’s Hep. Amer. 155, as Cephalozia divaricata. The species is 
very widely distributed in Europe, Asia, and North America. 
At the present time three names are being used for the above plant, 
namely: C. byssacea, C. divaricata, and C. Starkii. Those who use the 
first name follow the authority of Heeg,? who studied Roth’s original 
1 Student's Handb. of British Hepatics 275. 1912. 
2 Verhandl. der k. k. zool.-bot. Gesellsch. in Wien 43: 96. 1893. 
